在(zai)工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導火索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需(xu)的(de)器材(cai)有(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)、導線和(he)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)連(lian)接(jie)形(xing)式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模(mo)、工程(cheng)的(de)重要性(xing)、所(suo)選(xuan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其(qi)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)等進行(xing)選(xuan)擇，基本(ben)連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)式有(you)(you)：串(chuan)聯、并(bing)聯、串(chuan)并(bing)聯和(he)并(bing)串(chuan)聯等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)安(an)全、可靠(kao)、準確、高效(xiao)等優(you)點(dian)，在(zai)國內(nei)外仍(reng)占有(you)(you)較(jiao)大比(bi)重。在(zai)大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主(zhu)要仍(reng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)有(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的(de)干(gan)擾而(er)發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此(ci)在(zai)有(you)(you)雜散(san)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)，不能(neng)使用(yong)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)。

施(shi)工工藝嚴格(ge)遵循六字(zi)方(fang)(fang)針(掛滿(man)(man)、貼緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)必須(xu)按(an)技術要(yao)(yao)求合理(li)布置。(2)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)以及(ji)其他(ta)眼(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)在(zai)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)位(wei)置上打眼(yan)(yan);二要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)深(shen)度和角度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)時(shi),要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)乳(ru)化炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)在(zai)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)中空內壁中填充飽滿(man)(man)不得有空隙(xi)出現(xian)時(shi)以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)中裝(zhuang)填時(shi),要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)兩(liang)條聚(ju)能(neng)槽指向巷道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)(xian)方(fang)(fang)向并且各個(ge)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)槽軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)方(fang)(fang)面要(yao)(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)相互連接在(zai)隧道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)(xian)上。否(fou)則成型效果不僅不好(hao),反而(er)更差。(5)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)堵(du)塞質(zhi)量(liang)。(6)放炮(pao)(pao)(pao)員(yuan)應提前按(an)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)裝(zhuang)好(hao)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao),并做好(hao)準備工作(zuo)。試用范(fan)圍(wei)(wei):一(yi)級至五級圍(wei)(wei)巖的(de)光面爆破工程(cheng)。

火索起爆法，導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有：導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專用c型聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活，使用方便，成本較低，廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病，在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法，c型聚能管廠家用導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)直接(jie)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥包的方法(fa)叫導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。先用雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)，當導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)轟(hong)波傳至(zhi)炸藥包時，將炸藥引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)。在(zai)需要延時分段(duan)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的地方，將導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)中接(jie)入繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)，就能達到導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的目(mu)的。這(zhe)種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破法(fa)所需起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)材料有(you)：雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)和(he)繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)等(deng)。導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路(lu)常用的有(you)：串聯(lian)、簇(cu)并(bing)聯(lian)、單向(xiang)分段(duan)并(bing)聯(lian)和(he)雙向(xiang)分段(duan)并(bing)聯(lian)等(deng)。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)由(you)炸(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、隔(ge)板、殼體、引信和(he)(he)(he)支架等(deng)(deng)部分組成，其作用及對(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)威(wei)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響分述如下(xia)。1．炸(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)是聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆破的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆壓(ya)越(yue)大(da)，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力(li)越(yue)大(da)；為得到高(gao)(gao)(gao)爆壓(ya)，需高(gao)(gao)(gao)爆速(su)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)密度的(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)。常用炸(zha)(zha)有梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)(zha)等(deng)(deng)，裝方法有熔鑄，塑(su)裝和(he)(he)(he)壓(ya)裝多種(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用是把炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)化成罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)體材(cai)(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)射流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)(gao)(gao)其穿透和(he)(he)(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料必須滿足四點要求，即可(ke)壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高(gao)(gao)(gao)、塑(su)性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)延展性(xing)好(hao)，在(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流中不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明，用紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)效(xiao)果好(hao)，其次為鑄鐵、鋼和(he)(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣，主要有軸對(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)喇(la)叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)；面對(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)有用于切割(ge)屬板材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)用于切割(ge)管材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)兩種(zhong)；中心對(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)，中心有球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔(qiang)和(he)(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)外敷設炸(zha)(zha)，若(ruo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)瞬間同(tong)時起爆，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)空腔(qiang)中心點獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中。在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)中常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)是軸對(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)面對(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)。