1、先試探性的咨詢制造商銷售人員:您要訂爆破線產品的型號中字母表示意思;規格中的數字表示意思;執行標準中的字母及數字的表示意思。如果制造商銷售人員回答時支支吾吾、一知半解甚至一無所知,可想而知,其生產的產品質量如何。2、多向聚能管公司任何一種產品都有其適用范圍和一定的使用環境。咨詢您要訂爆破線產品的性能、具體使用辦法、使用環境要求。如果制造商銷售人員給您的答復與您的要求不一致,汕尾多向聚能管應(ying)判定(ding)為:爆(bao)破線制造商生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)型號規格(ge)單(dan)(dan)一或者其(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)只是(shi)對其(qi)他(ta)廠商產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)簡單(dan)(dan)模(mo)仿。3、正規產(chan)(chan)品(pin)都(dou)有(you)其(qi)科(ke)學的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝和流程。原材料合格(ge)供應(ying)商的(de)(de)選擇評定(ding)→原材料購(gou)進(jin)、運(yun)輸、儲存、保(bao)管→生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程質量控制→不合格(ge)品(pin)的(de)(de)處置(zhi)及糾正措施→運(yun)輸交付→售(shou)后服務均有(you)嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)操作規程。咨詢爆(bao)破線制造商銷售(shou)人(ren)員任何一個節點(dian),就可知其(qi)是(shi)否(fou)有(you)能力(生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)管理水(shui)平、專業(ye)設備(bei)及過(guo)程檢測設備(bei))生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出合格(ge)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。
專(zhuan)注爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚能管(guan)批發銷售。隨(sui)著(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現代(dai)化(hua)建設(she)的發展,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)環境(jing)(jing)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)復(fu)雜,對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)的要(yao)求(qiu)可(ke)(ke)能也會越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)高(gao)(gao)。盡管(guan)我(wo)們(men)工程(cheng)(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)已達(da)到很(hen)高(gao)(gao)水平,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是一項危險性的工作(zuo)(zuo),大(da)家知道,一次爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)事故,可(ke)(ke)能會造成(cheng)(cheng)人民生命(ming)和財產的損失(shi),也可(ke)(ke)能導致環境(jing)(jing)受(shou)到破(po)(po)(po)壞。為了安(an)全(quan)(quan),在工程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong),往往有許多要(yao)求(qiu)和標準需要(yao)我(wo)們(men)努力去(qu)解決,比(bi)如嚴(yan)格控制爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)的振動(dong)效(xiao)應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)沖擊(ji)波、噪聲、粉塵(chen)等(deng)影響,要(yao)預防電干擾等(deng)對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的威(wei)脅(xie),還(huan)要(yao)關注水土保持、環境(jing)(jing)保護等(deng)問(wen)題(ti)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的安(an)全(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)一直(zhi)是各(ge)方(fang)面(mian)所重視的問(wen)題(ti),已形成(cheng)(cheng)了一種專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)的規范、制度和技(ji)術(shu)。如中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)自(zi)1992年頒布《拆(chai)除(chu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)規程(cheng)(cheng)》,通過(guo)拆(chai)除(chu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)分(fen)級管(guan)理(li)、承(cheng)擔單(dan)位及(ji)人員(yuan)資格審(shen)查(cha)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)人員(yuan)培(pei)訓與考核、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)設(she)計審(shen)查(cha)與安(an)全(quan)(quan)評(ping)估等(deng)規定(ding),有力地推動(dong)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工程(cheng)(cheng)的安(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li),取(qu)得了顯著(zhu)的成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)。
的(de)軍事(shi)應用(yong):聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu),早在二次世(shi)界大(da)(da)戰(zhan)期(qi)間就在軍事(shi)方(fang)面廣泛應用(yong)。國(guo)內在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)破(po)甲(jia)技(ji)術(shu)如大(da)(da)錐角(jiao)反艦導彈(dan)戰(zhan)斗部和大(da)(da)錐角(jiao)反坦克地雷(lei)以(yi)及敏感(gan)彈(dan)戰(zhan)斗部等方(fang)面取(qu)得(de)了(le)較為(wei)快速的(de)發展,我(wo)國(guo)20世(shi)紀60年代(dai)打破(po)國(guo)外(wai)(wai)技(ji)術(shu)封(feng)鎖獨立自(zi)主(zhu)研發成功原子(zi)彈(dan)就是(shi)得(de)力(li)于聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)轟擊核裝置而引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)原子(zi)彈(dan)。的(de)民爆(bao)(bao)(bao)應用(yong)——切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu):聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)用(yong)于工程建設也是(shi)20世(shi)紀60年代(dai)開始的(de),首(shou)先是(shi)瑞(rui)典的(de)U﹒Langefors提出孔壁切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)利用(yong)槽口應力(li)集(ji)中定向開裂(lie)的(de)設想,后經(jing)W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證是(shi)有效的(de)。70年代(dai)國(guo)外(wai)(wai)廣泛研究和應用(yong)了(le)切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)。
各種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材銷毀以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器(qi)材意外(wai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)時(shi),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)源與(yu)人員和其(qi)他(ta)保護對象(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)取(qu)各種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(地震(zhen)、沖擊波(bo)(bo)、飛石(shi)、有(you)毒氣體等)分別(bie)核定的(de)大(da)值。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)時(shi),必(bi)(bi)然(ran)產生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震(zhen)、空氣沖擊波(bo)(bo)、碎石(shi)飛散及(ji)有(you)害氣體,因此,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)設計時(shi)必(bi)(bi)須確定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)危害范(fan)圍,并(bing)確定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附近(jin)人員、設備、建筑物及(ji)井巷等的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan),這一段距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)就稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。如何控制好這段距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)就顯的(de)尤為(wei)重要。為(wei)保證爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地點與(yu)人員或其(qi)他(ta)應(ying)(ying)保護對象(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)必(bi)(bi)須保持短的(de)相隔長度。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)害效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)隨距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)的(de)增加有(you)規(gui)律地衰(shuai)減,用距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)尺度可限定爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)害效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)在允許限度之(zhi)(zhi)內。中(zhong)國《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程》規(gui)定了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震(zhen)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li),個別(bie)飛散物安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li),以及(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)沖擊波(bo)(bo)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。
施工因其(qi)復雜性(xing)(xing)(xing)、專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、危險性(xing)(xing)(xing),稍有不(bu)(bu)慎(shen),將對(dui)人民的(de)生命財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)安全(quan)造成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)估量的(de)損(sun)失(shi),例如廣東(dong)宏大(da)寧夏“10.16”、山東(dong)保利(li)“5.20”等(deng)重(zhong)大(da)安全(quan)事故。因此,相(xiang)較其(qi)他行業(ye)(ye),國(guo)家出臺的(de)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規多(duo)、專(zhuan)、嚴,從爆(bao)破材料(liao)(liao)(炸藥、雷管(guan)、導(dao)爆(bao)索?管(guan)?及相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)材料(liao)(liao))的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、購進、運(yun)輸、儲存、發放(fang)、布(bu)網、連接(jie)、起爆(bao)、排爆(bao)等(deng)一(yi)系列(lie)程(cheng)序均(jun)有嚴格的(de)法(fa)律規定和(he)科學(xue)的(de)操(cao)作規程(cheng),并(bing)且(qie)(qie)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)從業(ye)(ye)單位(wei)和(he)人員均(jun)應取(qu)得相(xiang)應資質。做(zuo)為各類爆(bao)破中不(bu)(bu)可(ke)或(huo)(huo)缺的(de)一(yi)種導(dao)線(xian),特別不(bu)(bu)同(tong)于一(yi)般(ban)的(de)電線(xian)電纜,其(qi)質量要求及各項技術參(can)數也與普通電線(xian)電纜不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。部分(fen)家庭作坊式的(de)電線(xian)電纜廠無(wu)科學(xue)的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)工藝、無(wu)基本的(de)檢測設(she)備(bei)(bei)、無(wu)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)技術人員,甚至不(bu)(bu)知道爆(bao)破線(xian)的(de)質量要求和(he)技術參(can)數,更不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能(neng)制訂自己(ji)的(de)企業(ye)(ye)標準(zhun),僅憑(ping)簡陋的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)、以粗糙的(de)模仿進行生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營活動,致使市(shi)場充斥著假冒偽劣(lie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),導(dao)致爆(bao)破中提前或(huo)(huo)延(yan)遲起爆(bao)、盲炮增加且(qie)(qie)強制排爆(bao)困難,給人身安全(quan)和(he)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)以及正常的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營活動造成(cheng)了不(bu)(bu)可(ke)估量的(de)損(sun)失(shi)。
聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)由炸(zha)、形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)、引(yin)信和(he)(he)(he)(he)支架等(deng)部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng),其(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及對聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao)威力的影(ying)響分述(shu)如下。1.炸(zha),炸(zha)是聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆破的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源,炸(zha)的爆壓(ya)(ya)越大(da),聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威力越大(da);為(wei)得(de)到高(gao)爆壓(ya)(ya),需高(gao)爆速、高(gao)密度的炸(zha)。常用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)有(you)梯(ti)恩梯(ti)、8321炸(zha)等(deng),裝(zhuang)方法有(you)熔(rong)鑄,塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)裝(zhuang)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)。2.型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是把炸(zha)的爆炸(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)體(ti)材(cai)(cai)料的射流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),從(cong)而提(ti)高(gao)其(qi)穿透和(he)(he)(he)(he)切割(ge)(ge)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的材(cai)(cai)料必須滿足四(si)點要求(qiu),即可壓(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)延(yan)展(zhan)性(xing)好,在形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射流中(zhong)(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明,用(yong)(yong)紫(zi)銅制作(zuo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效果好,其(qi)次為(wei)鑄鐵、鋼和(he)(he)(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的形(xing)(xing)狀多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)樣,主(zhu)要有(you)軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),如圓錐形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)等(deng);面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),常見的有(you)用(yong)(yong)于切割(ge)(ge)屬板材(cai)(cai)的直(zhi)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)于切割(ge)(ge)管材(cai)(cai)的環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong);中(zhong)(zhong)心對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),這種(zhong)(zhong)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)(bao),中(zhong)(zhong)心有(you)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空(kong)(kong)腔和(he)(he)(he)(he)球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),球(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷設炸(zha),若能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在瞬間同(tong)時起爆,可在空(kong)(kong)腔中(zhong)(zhong)心點獲得(de)極大(da)的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)。在工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)的是軸對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)面對稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。