水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破技術(shu)基礎上發展起來的(de)一項新技術(shu),其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥(yao)結構和爆(bao)破方式與水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破相同,但在周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼中安裝專用(yong)(yong)線(xian)(xian)性聚能(neng)藥(yao)管替(ti)代常規爆(bao)破藥(yao)卷和傳爆(bao)線(xian)(xian),利(li)用(yong)(yong)線(xian)(xian)性聚能(neng)藥(yao)管產(chan)生的(de)粒子(zi)射流動(dong)能(neng)、高壓爆(bao)破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用(yong)(yong),形成平整(zheng)圓順的(de)開挖輪廓面(mian)(mian),對(dui)控制超欠挖具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)效(xiao)果,有(you)效(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)了隧道施工(gong)質(zhi)量、進(jin)度(du)和經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破較水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破,在周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼單循環(huan)火工(gong)品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)量上節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)8.3%,周(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)眼鉆孔(kong)數量從39個下降為23個費(fei)用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約41%,混凝土噴(pen)射每延米節(jie)約1.37立方米。聚能(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破比水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破每循環(huan)節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)258.4元,即每延米節(jie)約76較元,節(jie)約費(fei)用(yong)(yong)比例達32%。此外,聚能(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破能(neng)有(you)效(xiao)降低隧道內(nei)石渣塊度(du)和粉塵含量,還可使(shi)通風時間有(you)效(xiao)縮(suo)短33%。
火索起爆法,導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有:導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專用c型聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活,使用方便,成本較低,廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病,在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法,c型聚能管價格用(yong)導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)直接(jie)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥包(bao)的(de)方法叫導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)法。先用(yong)雷管(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo),當導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳(chuan)至炸(zha)藥包(bao)時,將炸(zha)藥引(yin)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需要延(yan)時分(fen)段起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方,將導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)中接(jie)入繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan),就能達到導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)毫秒(miao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破的(de)目的(de)。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破法所需起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)材(cai)料(liao)有:雷管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)和(he)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)等。導(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常用(yong)的(de)有:串聯、簇并聯、單(dan)向(xiang)分(fen)段并聯和(he)雙向(xiang)分(fen)段并聯等。
聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)包由炸(zha)、形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)、引(yin)信和(he)(he)支架等(deng)部(bu)分(fen)組成,其作用(yong)及對(dui)(dui)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)包威力(li)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)分(fen)述(shu)如(ru)下。1.炸(zha),炸(zha)是(shi)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管爆(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)源,炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)壓(ya)越大(da),聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)彈威力(li)越大(da);為(wei)得到高(gao)爆(bao)壓(ya),需高(gao)爆(bao)速、高(gao)密(mi)度的(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)炸(zha)有梯恩梯、8321炸(zha)等(deng),裝(zhuang)方(fang)法有熔鑄(zhu),塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓(ya)裝(zhuang)多種。2.型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao),型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)把炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化(hua)成罩(zhao)(zhao)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)射(she)(she)流動(dong)能(neng),從(cong)而提高(gao)其穿(chuan)透和(he)(he)切割能(neng)力(li)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)必須滿足四點要求,即可(ke)壓(ya)縮性小(xiao)、密(mi)度高(gao)、塑性和(he)(he)延展性好(hao),在形(xing)成射(she)(she)流中不(bu)汽化(hua)。大(da)量(liang)試驗證明,用(yong)紫銅(tong)制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好(hao),其次為(wei)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)、鋼和(he)(he)陶瓷(ci)。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀多種多樣,主要有軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),如(ru)圓錐(zhui)形(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)、拋物(wu)線形(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭形(xing)等(deng);面(mian)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)有用(yong)于切割屬板材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于切割管材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩(liang)種;中心對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing),這種球(qiu)形(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)包,中心有球(qiu)形(xing)空(kong)腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao),球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外(wai)敷設(she)炸(zha),若能(neng)在瞬(shun)間同時起爆(bao),可(ke)在空(kong)腔中心點獲得極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)集中。在工程中常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。
采(cai)用一種(zhong)抗靜電阻燃的特(te)種(zhong)塑料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、異形雙(shuang)槽(cao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan),根據炮眼深度可長可短(duan)。是兩(liang)個相似半壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)成(cheng),半壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)中央有(you)個凹進(jin)去的槽(cao)叫做'聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)",使用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)光面爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)型效果好,開挖(wa)輪廓線平順(shun)整齊,圍巖擾動減(jian)少(shao)、超欠(qian)挖(wa)明顯(xian)(xian)改善,有(you)利于(yu)(yu)支護工(gong)序施工(gong),同時混(hun)凝土(tu)回填成(cheng)本(ben)大(da)為降(jiang)(jiang)低。鑿孔率(lv)減(jian)少(shao)30%,大(da)大(da)降(jiang)(jiang)低了爆(bao)破(po)作業工(gong)班的勞動量:鉆孔縮短(duan)30分(fen)鐘、少(shao)打(da)眼、出渣量減(jian)少(shao),降(jiang)(jiang)低了材(cai)料(liao)成(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)工(gong)時消耗(hao)、勞動效率(lv)明顯(xian)(xian)提高(gao),周邊(bian)眼爆(bao)破(po)成(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)(jiang)低30%以上,半眼痕保留率(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)破(po)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)主要應用于(yu)(yu)隧道、煤(mei)礦、鐵礦等需要進(jin)行光面爆(bao)破(po)施工(gong)的工(gong)程。采(cai)用聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的光面爆(bao)破(po)可減(jian)少(shao)鉆孔,擴大(da)孔距(ju),減(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)用量,減(jian)少(shao)超挖(wa),減(jian)少(shao)噴漿,提高(gao)半孔率(lv),既(ji)節(jie)省了成(cheng)本(ben)又(you)提高(gao)了施工(gong)效率(lv)。