在工(gong)程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)火索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使(shi)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進(jin)而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)。它所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)器材(cai)有(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接形式，要根(gen)據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規(gui)模、工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)等進(jin)行選擇，基(ji)本連(lian)接方(fang)(fang)式有(you)：串(chuan)(chuan)聯、并(bing)(bing)聯、串(chuan)(chuan)并(bing)(bing)聯和并(bing)(bing)串(chuan)(chuan)聯等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準(zhun)確、高(gao)效等優點(dian)，在國內外(wai)仍占有(you)較(jiao)大(da)比重(zhong)。在大(da)、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中，主要仍是用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是在有(you)瓦斯、礦(kuang)塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)環境中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是主要的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易(yi)受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)干擾而發(fa)生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在有(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)壓感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)環境中，不能使(shi)用(yong)普(pu)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)。

發揮(hui)巨大效(xiao)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵又在其上面的(de)(de)(de)(de)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽”上。項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管有兩(liang)個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽”，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)這(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)讓爆(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)(de)威力在隧道中(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)割出十(shi)分(fen)平順的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓線，的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制了(le)(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)量，有效(xiao)管控(kong)(kong)了(le)(le)超(chao)挖欠挖的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。為了(le)(le)進一(yi)步(bu)嚴格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制開挖輪廓，達到提(ti)高(gao)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，并(bing)研究(jiu)出了(le)(le)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管上兩(liang)個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽”變為三(san)個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽”的(de)(de)(de)(de)發明設(she)計(ji)，目(mu)(mu)(mu)前，該(gai)發明設(she)計(ji)已(yi)經(jing)進入到了(le)(le)試生產階段。未來，三(san)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)槽”設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)水壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)將推動中(zhong)(zhong)鐵十(shi)四(si)(si)局四(si)(si)公(gong)司(si)張吉懷鐵路項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)施工開展邁上一(yi)個(ge)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺階，給項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)帶來巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益。工程爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)幾(ji)十(shi)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，已(yi)經(jing)滲透到經(jing)濟(ji)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾(zhong)多(duo)領域(yu)，特別為中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵路建設(she)、礦山開采(cai)、城市拆舊定(ding)向爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)等做出了(le)(le)重要貢獻。

專業深孔爆破多向聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管，根據炮眼深度可長可短。麗水深孔爆破多向聚能管是兩個相似半(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)中央(yang)有(you)個凹進(jin)去(qu)的(de)(de)槽叫做(zuo)'聚(ju)能(neng)槽"，使用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)效(xiao)果好，開挖(wa)輪廓線平(ping)順整齊，圍巖擾動減(jian)(jian)少、超欠挖(wa)明顯改善，有(you)利于支(zhi)護工(gong)序施工(gong)，同(tong)時混凝土回填(tian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本大(da)為降(jiang)低(di)(di)。鑿孔率減(jian)(jian)少30%，大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低(di)(di)了爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業工(gong)班的(de)(de)勞動量(liang):鉆(zhan)孔縮短30分鐘(zhong)、少打眼(yan)、出渣量(liang)減(jian)(jian)少，降(jiang)低(di)(di)了材(cai)料成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少工(gong)時消耗、勞動效(xiao)率明顯提高(gao)，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本降(jiang)低(di)(di)30%以上(shang)，半(ban)(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率高(gao)達85%以上(shang)。pvc爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)主要應用(yong)于隧道、煤(mei)礦(kuang)、鐵(tie)礦(kuang)等需要進(jin)行光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施工(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)程。采用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可減(jian)(jian)少鉆(zhan)孔，擴(kuo)大(da)孔距，減(jian)(jian)少導爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)用(yong)量(liang)，減(jian)(jian)少超挖(wa)，減(jian)(jian)少噴漿，提高(gao)半(ban)(ban)孔率，既節省了成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本又(you)提高(gao)了施工(gong)效(xiao)率。

水壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)較(jiao)(jiao)水壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)，在(zai)周(zhou)邊眼(yan)單循環(huan)(huan)火工品使用(yong)量(liang)上(shang)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費(fei)用(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)邊眼(yan)鉆孔數(shu)量(liang)從(cong)39個下降為23個費(fei)用(yong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)41%，混(hun)凝土噴(pen)射每延米(mi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)1.37立方米(mi)。水壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)比(bi)水壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)每循環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費(fei)用(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每延米(mi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)76較(jiao)(jiao)元(yuan)，節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)(yue)費(fei)用(yong)比(bi)例達32%。此外，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)水壓光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)能(neng)有效降低隧道內石渣塊度和粉塵含量(liang)，還(huan)可使通風時(shi)間有效縮短33%。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)工藝(yi)技(ji)(ji)術很成熟、可操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)性很強(qiang)、材料成本很低、施工速度很快、節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)環(huan)(huan)保效果(guo)很顯著(zhu)、經(jing)濟效益社會效益很高(gao)。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定向爆破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術是近幾年發(fa)展起來(lai)的(de)一項掘(jue)進新(xin)技(ji)(ji)術,這種爆破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術與傳統的(de)光(guang)面(mian)爆破(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)術有一定的(de)差(cha)別,聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)定向爆破(po)(po)原理是在(zai)巷道周(zhou)邊眼(yan)中(zhong),將炸裝在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)中(zhong)起爆,爆破(po)(po)時(shi)利用(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),以減少裂隙(xi)的(de)數(shu)量(liang)和控制(zhi)優勢裂隙(xi)的(de)發(fa)展方向。

是(shi)由管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)、后(hou)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑性材料(liao)制成，呈(cheng)管(guan)(guan)狀(zhuang)，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)小于(yu)正常炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)，長度可隨爆(bao)破需要(yao)生產，管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)各有(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)外(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間(jian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向切(qie)縫(feng)，切(qie)縫(feng)間(jian)等距有(you)加強筋，前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)呈(cheng)傘(san)狀(zhuang)，傘(san)形(xing)(xing)尖(jian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)光孔，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)直(zhi)壁(bi)內(nei)徑(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合(he)，帽(mao)(mao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，后(hou)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)為一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)直(zhi)徑(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，后(hou)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)內(nei)徑(jing)有(you)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)后(hou)端(duan)螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配合(he)。可根據炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)深度采用合(he)適的(de)(de)聚能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需其他工(gong)(gong)具幫助送入炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)，切(qie)縫(feng)方向準確，兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽(mao)(mao)和后(hou)定格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)內(nei)徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)致，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定向準確。且利(li)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)業化生產，作業安全