施工工藝嚴格遵(zun)循六字(zi)方針(掛滿(man)、貼緊、對準(zhun)):(1)要保(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打(da)(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量,炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按(an)技術要求合理布置(zhi)。(2)要保(bao)證掏(tao)槽(cao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以及其他(ta)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的打(da)(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量,一定(ding)要在規定(ding)位置(zhi)上(shang)打(da)(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要保(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角(jiao)度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)裝藥(yao)(yao)時(shi),要保(bao)證乳化炸藥(yao)(yao)在聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)中(zhong)空內壁(bi)中(zhong)填(tian)充飽滿(man)不(bu)得有空隙出現時(shi)以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)在炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝填(tian)時(shi),要保(bao)證聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的兩(liang)條聚(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)指(zhi)向(xiang)巷道輪廓(kuo)線(xian)方向(xiang)并且各個(ge)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的聚(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)軸線(xian)方面要保(bao)證相互連接在隧道輪廓(kuo)線(xian)上(shang)。否則成型效果(guo)不(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)好,反(fan)而更差。(5)保(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)量。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)員應(ying)提前(qian)按(an)規定(ding)裝好聚(ju)能(neng)管(guan)的炸藥(yao)(yao),并做(zuo)好準(zhun)備工作。試用范圍:一級至五(wu)級圍巖的光面爆破(po)工程。
專用c型聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管,根據炮眼深度可長可短。寧波c型聚能管是兩個(ge)(ge)相似半壁(bi)管(guan)組(zu)成(cheng),半壁(bi)管(guan)中央(yang)有個(ge)(ge)凹進去的(de)(de)槽(cao)叫做(zuo)'聚能(neng)槽(cao)",使用(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)型效果好,開挖輪廓線平順整齊,圍巖擾動減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)、超欠挖明顯改善,有利于支(zhi)護工(gong)(gong)序施工(gong)(gong),同時混凝土回(hui)填成(cheng)本(ben)大為降(jiang)低。鑿孔率(lv)(lv)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)30%,大大降(jiang)低了(le)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作業工(gong)(gong)班(ban)的(de)(de)勞動量:鉆(zhan)孔縮(suo)短30分(fen)鐘(zhong)、少(shao)(shao)(shao)打眼、出渣量減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao),降(jiang)低了(le)材料(liao)成(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞動效率(lv)(lv)明顯提高,周(zhou)邊(bian)眼爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)低30%以上(shang),半眼痕保留率(lv)(lv)高達85%以上(shang)。pvc爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)主要應用(yong)于隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要進行(xing)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程。采(cai)用(yong)聚能(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)鉆(zhan)孔,擴大孔距,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)管(guan)用(yong)量,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)超挖,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)噴漿,提高半孔率(lv)(lv),既節省(sheng)了(le)成(cheng)本(ben)又提高了(le)施工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)(lv)。
水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術基礎(chu)上(shang)發展起來(lai)的(de)一(yi)項新技(ji)術,其掏槽眼(yan)、輔助眼(yan)裝藥(yao)結(jie)構和爆(bao)(bao)破方式與水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破相同(tong),但在(zai)周邊(bian)眼(yan)中安裝專用(yong)線性(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)管(guan)替代常規(gui)爆(bao)(bao)破藥(yao)卷和傳爆(bao)(bao)線,利用(yong)線性(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)管(guan)產生的(de)粒子(zi)射流動能(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破氣(qi)體應(ying)力及“氣(qi)楔”作用(yong),形成(cheng)平(ping)整圓順的(de)開挖(wa)輪廓(kuo)面(mian),對(dui)控(kong)制(zhi)超(chao)欠挖(wa)具(ju)有(you)(you)良好效(xiao)(xiao)果,有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)提升(sheng)了隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)(dao)施工質量、進度和經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益。水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破較水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破,在(zai)周邊(bian)眼(yan)單循環火工品(pin)使用(yong)量上(shang)節約費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)8.3%,周邊(bian)眼(yan)鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)節約41%,混凝土噴射每延米(mi)節約1.37立(li)方米(mi)。聚能(neng)(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破比水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破每循環節約費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)258.4元,即每延米(mi)節約76較元,節約費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)比例達32%。此(ci)外(wai),聚能(neng)(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)降低隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)(dao)內石渣(zha)塊度和粉塵含量,還(huan)可(ke)使通風時間有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)縮短(duan)33%。
發(fa)揮(hui)巨大(da)效(xiao)(xiao)力的(de)(de)(de)關鍵又在(zai)其上面的(de)(de)(de)“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)”上。項(xiang)目(mu)部目(mu)前采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管有(you)兩個“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)”,通過這兩個聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)讓爆(bao)炸的(de)(de)(de)威力在(zai)隧道中(zhong)切割出十(shi)分(fen)平順(shun)的(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)廓線,的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制了(le)爆(bao)破量(liang),有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)管控(kong)(kong)了(le)超挖欠(qian)挖的(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)。為了(le)進一(yi)步(bu)嚴格控(kong)(kong)制開挖輪(lun)廓,達到提高(gao)光面爆(bao)破效(xiao)(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de),并研(yan)究出了(le)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管上兩個“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)”變為三個“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)”的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)明設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji),目(mu)前,該發(fa)明設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)已(yi)經進入到了(le)試生產階段(duan)。未(wei)來,三“聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽(cao)”設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)水壓爆(bao)破技(ji)術將推(tui)動中(zhong)鐵十(shi)四局四公司(si)張吉懷鐵路項(xiang)目(mu)部施(shi)工(gong)開展(zhan)邁上一(yi)個新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)臺階,給項(xiang)目(mu)部帶來巨大(da)的(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益。工(gong)程爆(bao)破技(ji)術經過幾十(shi)年的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan),已(yi)經滲透(tou)到經濟建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)眾(zhong)多領域(yu),特別為中(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)鐵路建設(she)、礦(kuang)山開采、城市拆舊定向爆(bao)破等做出了(le)重要貢獻。