專用c型聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。紹興c型聚能管水壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)比(bi)水壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)每循環節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)258.4元，即每延米節(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元，節(jie)約(yue)費用(yong)(yong)比(bi)例達(da)32%。此(ci)外，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)水壓(ya)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)能(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)降低隧道內石渣塊(kuai)度和粉塵(chen)含量(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時間有效(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)藝技(ji)術(shu)(shu)很成熟、可操作性(xing)很強、材料成本很低、施工(gong)速度很快(kuai)、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保(bao)效(xiao)果很顯著、經濟(ji)效(xiao)益社會(hui)效(xiao)益很高。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定(ding)向爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是近幾(ji)年(nian)發展(zhan)起來的(de)(de)(de)一項(xiang)掘進(jin)新技(ji)術(shu)(shu),這種爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)與傳統的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)別,聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定(ding)向爆(bao)破(po)原理是在巷(xiang)道周邊眼(yan)中(zhong),將炸裝在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中(zhong)起爆(bao),爆(bao)破(po)時利(li)用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)作用(yong)(yong),以減(jian)少裂隙的(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)和控(kong)制優勢(shi)裂隙的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)方向。

水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破技術基礎(chu)上發展(zhan)起來的(de)一項新(xin)技術，其掏(tao)槽眼(yan)、輔助眼(yan)裝藥結構和(he)爆(bao)(bao)破方式與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破相同，但在周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)中安裝專(zhuan)用(yong)線(xian)性聚能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)替代(dai)常規爆(bao)(bao)破藥卷(juan)和(he)傳爆(bao)(bao)線(xian)，利(li)用(yong)線(xian)性聚能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)產生的(de)粒子射流動(dong)能(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破氣(qi)體應力(li)及“氣(qi)楔”作用(yong)，形成平(ping)整圓順的(de)開挖輪廓面(mian)(mian)(mian)，對(dui)控制超欠挖具(ju)有良好(hao)效(xiao)(xiao)果，有效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升了(le)隧(sui)道施(shi)工質量、進(jin)度(du)和(he)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破較水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破，在周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)單循(xun)環火(huo)工品使(shi)用(yong)量上節(jie)約費用(yong)8.3%，周邊(bian)(bian)眼(yan)鉆(zhan)孔數(shu)量從39個下降為23個費用(yong)節(jie)約41%，混凝土(tu)噴射每延(yan)米節(jie)約1.37立方米。聚能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破比(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破每循(xun)環節(jie)約費用(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即(ji)每延(yan)米節(jie)約76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約費用(yong)比(bi)例達(da)32%。此(ci)外，聚能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光面(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破能(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)(xiao)降低隧(sui)道內石(shi)渣塊度(du)和(he)粉塵含量，還(huan)可使(shi)通風時間有效(xiao)(xiao)縮短(duan)33%。

發(fa)(fa)揮巨大效(xiao)力的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵又在其上面的(de)(de)“聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”上。項(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)目(mu)前(qian)采用的(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)有(you)兩(liang)個(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”，通過(guo)這兩(liang)個(ge)聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)作用讓爆(bao)炸的(de)(de)威(wei)力在隧道中切割出十(shi)(shi)分平順的(de)(de)輪廓(kuo)線，的(de)(de)控制了爆(bao)破(po)量，有(you)效(xiao)管(guan)(guan)控了超挖(wa)(wa)欠挖(wa)(wa)的(de)(de)現象。為了進一步嚴格(ge)控制開挖(wa)(wa)輪廓(kuo)，達到提(ti)高光面爆(bao)破(po)效(xiao)果的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)，并(bing)研究出了聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)上兩(liang)個(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”變為三個(ge)“聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)明設(she)計，目(mu)前(qian)，該發(fa)(fa)明設(she)計已經(jing)進入到了試生產階段。未來，三“聚能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”設(she)計的(de)(de)聚能(neng)(neng)水壓(ya)爆(bao)破(po)技術將推動中鐵(tie)十(shi)(shi)四局(ju)四公(gong)司張吉懷鐵(tie)路項(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)施工(gong)(gong)開展(zhan)邁上一個(ge)新的(de)(de)臺階，給項(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)帶(dai)來巨大的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)。工(gong)(gong)程爆(bao)破(po)技術經(jing)過(guo)幾十(shi)(shi)年的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，已經(jing)滲透到經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)眾多(duo)領域，特別為中國的(de)(de)鐵(tie)路建(jian)設(she)、礦山開采、城市(shi)拆舊定向(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)等做出了重要貢(gong)獻。

各種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器材銷毀以(yi)(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)器材意外爆(bao)(bao)炸時，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)源與人員和其他保護對象(xiang)之間的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)應取(qu)各種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)效應（地(di)(di)(di)(di)震、沖擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)、飛(fei)(fei)石、有(you)(you)毒氣體等）分別核定的(de)大(da)值。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時，必然產(chan)生爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)震、空氣沖擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)、碎石飛(fei)(fei)散(san)及有(you)(you)害(hai)氣體，因此，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計時必須確定爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)危害(hai)范圍，并確定爆(bao)(bao)點(dian)到附近人員、設(she)備、建筑物及井巷等的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，這(zhe)一段距離(li)(li)(li)就稱為(wei)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)。如何控制好這(zhe)段距離(li)(li)(li)就顯的(de)尤為(wei)重要。為(wei)保證爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)點(dian)與人員或其他應保護對象(xiang)之間必須保持短(duan)的(de)相隔長度。爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)(you)害(hai)效應隨距離(li)(li)(li)的(de)增加有(you)(you)規律地(di)(di)(di)(di)衰(shuai)減(jian)，用距離(li)(li)(li)作為(wei)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)尺度可限定爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)(you)害(hai)效應在(zai)允許限度之內(nei)。中國《爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)規程(cheng)》規定了爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)震安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)，個(ge)別飛(fei)(fei)散(san)物安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)炸沖擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)距離(li)(li)(li)。

我國(guo)于(yu)1983年制定(ding)了(le)(le)《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖(yan)行基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自此，在(zai)水利水電(dian)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已(yi)成為必須進行的(de)(de)保護邊坡(po)質量的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)技(ji)術措施(shi)。此后在(zai)此基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)上修(xiu)訂的(de)(de)《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖(yan)石基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以(yi)及在(zai)《水電(dian)水利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)《水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)物巖(yan)石基礎(chu)(chu)(chu)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均被編(bian)入并有(you)所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修(xiu)編(bian)為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道部(bu)也(ye)不僅規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)凡是Ⅲ級以(yi)上的(de)(de)巖(yan)石邊坡(po)，設(she)(she)(she)計邊坡(po)坡(po)度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊坡(po)部(bu)位的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)(she)(she)計和(he)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應(ying)采用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，并闡述了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術設(she)(she)(she)計的(de)(de)原則和(he)參(can)數(shu)、安全(quan)措施(shi)，而且(qie)還(huan)明確(que)了(le)(le)路塹邊坡(po)光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項目質量驗收檢測數(shu)量和(he)檢測方(fang)法。無疑該規(gui)(gui)(gui)程(cheng)的(de)(de)實施(shi)，有(you)力地推動和(he)促進了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術在(zai)鐵(tie)路建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)與(yu)發展。