我國20世紀60年代利用斷裂力學對巖石損傷引起的裂紋擴展進行過試驗研究，爆破多向聚能管廠家為聚能爆破技術應用到工程做了不少理論分析，也取得一些進展。80年代中期開始進行應用研究，以北京礦業學院為代表，著重研究了聚能藥包切割饑理和應用。1987年淮南礦業學院取得“雙面切割器”的zhuanli，1995年又取得“大理石花崗巖切割技術應用”zhuanli。1991年中國水電七局曾試圖采用硬質紙加工聚能藥管成形聚能藥卷做過聚能預裂爆破試驗研究，爆破多向聚能管廠家但(dan)終因(yin)當時的(de)技術及工(gong)藝(yi)水平(ping)的(de)限制(zhi)無(wu)法用于正(zheng)常(chang)施工(gong)，但(dan)是(shi)他(ta)們開了橢圓雙極線性(xing)聚能(neng)結(jie)構試驗的(de)先(xian)河。雙聚能(neng)預裂與光面爆破綜合技術開創輪(lun)廓控制(zhi)爆破新時代(dai)。

光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)技術優勢：相對于傳統爆(bao)(bao)破(po)工藝，聚能(neng)管光(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)比常(chang)規爆(bao)(bao)破(po)具有以下優勢∶少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)打眼，少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)裝藥(yao)。節(jie)約(yue)周邊鉆孔(kong)量(liang)50%，總鉆孔(kong)進尺減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)30%；節(jie)約(yue)炸藥(yao)10～20%，雷管30%。節(jie)約(yue)噴漿(jiang)料15-20%。節(jie)省時間∶每循環鉆孔(kong)、裝藥(yao)、噴漿(jiang)時間1.5-2.0小(xiao)時。在安全方(fang)面(mian)(mian)利用水沙袋替代炮泥，以避免搗炮泥損毀電雷管導線，造成(cheng)瞎炮。大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)對圍(wei)巖擾動，光(guang)面(mian)(mian)效果好，巖性條件(jian)差情況下可以大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖量(liang)，控制巷道(dao)成(cheng)型(xing)；巖性完整(zheng)無節(jie)理情況下眼痕率可以達到(dao)90%以上，巷道(dao)成(cheng)型(xing)好，穩定性強。布(bu)孔(kong)方(fang)式優化成(cheng)多排掏(tao)槽布(bu)孔(kong)，單次掘(jue)進深度可以優化提高10%到(dao)15%不等(deng)。由于炮孔(kong)數量(liang)大(da)大(da)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)可以考慮(lv)一起全斷(duan)面(mian)(mian)起爆(bao)(bao)，節(jie)省放炮時間。

使用(yong)單位(wei)或經(jing)(jing)銷商(shang)在日(ri)常(chang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)中使用(yong)搜(sou)索(suo)引擎(qing)搜(sou)索(suo)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠商(shang)并購(gou)買產(chan)(chan)品已經(jing)(jing)成為(wei)很多企業(ye)(ye)和經(jing)(jing)銷商(shang)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)手(shou)段。根據我們從事網絡營銷的(de)經(jing)(jing)歷，總結出以下幾點注意(yi)事項，希望能對采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)的(de)企業(ye)(ye)起到一(yi)些幫助作(zuo)用(yong)。1、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)的(de)產(chan)(chan)品型號(hao)(hao)規格、質(zhi)量(liang)標準、技術參數應與(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)計劃相(xiang)符。2、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)產(chan)(chan)品時，就是通過搜(sou)索(suo)引擎(qing)搜(sou)索(suo)自己需(xu)求的(de)產(chan)(chan)品，找出生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和銷售該(gai)(gai)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)企業(ye)(ye)，然后查(cha)看(kan)該(gai)(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)網站(zhan)是否經(jing)(jing)過其所(suo)在省份工信廳備案，并登(deng)錄查(cha)驗(yan)。3、查(cha)看(kan)該(gai)(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)網站(zhan)欄(lan)目(mu)配(pei)置(zhi)、欄(lan)目(mu)內(nei)容是否足(zu)夠專業(ye)(ye)，如(ru)大(da)量(liang)出現與(yu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)產(chan)(chan)品無關、雜亂無章的(de)，聯(lian)系地(di)址標明xxx工業(ye)(ye)區、示范園而沒(mei)有路牌號(hao)(hao)的(de)，只有手(shou)機號(hao)(hao)碼而沒(mei)有固定電話(hua)、傳真地(di)的(de)，足(zu)可認(ren)定該(gai)(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)為(wei)非正(zheng)規的(de)家庭(ting)作(zuo)坊，不(bu)宜作(zuo)為(wei)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)購(gou)對象。

在(zai)(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，常用的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能使雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸藥的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)器(qi)材有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)、導(dao)線和(he)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路的(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接形式，要(yao)根據(ju)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方(fang)法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工程的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性、所(suo)選起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能力(li)(li)等(deng)進行選擇，基(ji)本(ben)連(lian)(lian)接方(fang)式有：串聯、并聯、串并聯和(he)并串聯等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具(ju)有較安全、可靠、準確(que)、高效等(deng)優點(dian)，在(zai)(zai)國內外仍占有較大比重(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)大、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，主要(yao)仍是(shi)(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)有瓦斯、礦塵(chen)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)(shi)主要(yao)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)號的(de)(de)干(gan)擾(rao)而發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，不(bu)能使用普(pu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷(lei)(lei)管(guan)。

水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)在隧(sui)道(dao)掘(jue)進作(zuo)業中的(de)(de)實際應用。提升光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)水(shui)平、嚴抓隧(sui)道(dao)超(chao)挖管控進行了介紹。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)藝技(ji)術(shu)(shu)很成(cheng)熟、可(ke)操作(zuo)性(xing)很強、材料成(cheng)本很低、施工(gong)速度很快、節(jie)能(neng)環保效果很顯(xian)著(zhu)、經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效益社會效益很高(gao)。一(yi)是要(yao)提高(gao)對推(tui)(tui)廣該(gai)項技(ji)術(shu)(shu)重要(yao)性(xing)和必(bi)然性(xing)的(de)(de)認識(shi);二是要(yao)樹(shu)立必(bi)須采取聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)意識(shi);三是要(yao)堅持(chi)培訓、示范、監督(du)“三位一(yi)體”;四是要(yao)制定切實的(de)(de)獎懲制度;五是要(yao)建立檢查監督(du)機制，持(chi)續促進該(gai)項技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)深入推(tui)(tui)廣。在隧(sui)道(dao)施工(gong)的(de)(de)現場管理、科技(ji)創(chuang)新、人才培養、經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)效益等方面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)不足(zu)。建議對施工(gong)一(yi)線基礎技(ji)術(shu)(shu)工(gong)作(zuo)扎實推(tui)(tui)進;對新工(gong)藝、先進工(gong)法(fa)要(yao)深入學(xue)習鉆研(yan);對消極懈怠、故步自封的(de)(de)思想要(yao)堅決抵(di)制。

火(huo)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是利用導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)傳(chuan)遞火(huo)焰(yan)點燃火(huo)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)而(er)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)。這種起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)所需(xu)(xu)的(de)材料有(you)：導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)、火(huo)雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)點火(huo)材料。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)操作簡(jian)單、靈活，使(shi)用方便，成本較(jiao)低(di)，廣泛應用于小型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)和(he)(he)掘(jue)進(jin)。由于導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)的(de)速燃、緩燃等弊(bi)病，在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)中(zhong)事故所占比重(zhong)最大。不能多處裝(zhuang)藥(yao)同(tong)時起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)，用導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)直接起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)包(bao)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)叫導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。先(xian)用雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)，當導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳(chuan)至(zhi)炸(zha)藥(yao)包(bao)時，將炸(zha)藥(yao)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需(xu)(xu)要(yao)延時分段起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)地方，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)中(zhong)接入繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)，就能達(da)到導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)的(de)目的(de)。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)所需(xu)(xu)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料有(you)：雷(lei)管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)和(he)(he)繼(ji)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)等。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常用的(de)有(you)：串聯、簇(cu)并聯、單向分段并聯和(he)(he)雙向分段并聯等。