專用c型聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成,其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1.炸,炸是聚能管爆破的能源,炸的爆壓越大,聚能彈威力越大;為得到高爆壓,需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等,裝方法有熔鑄,塑裝和壓裝多種。2.型罩,型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能,從而提高其穿透和切割能力。c型聚能管廠家型罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料必須滿足四點要求(qiu),即可壓縮性小、密度高(gao)、塑性和延展性好,在形(xing)(xing)成射流中不(bu)汽(qi)化。大(da)量試驗證明(ming),用(yong)紫銅制作(zuo)型罩(zhao)效果(guo)好,其次為鑄鐵、鋼和陶瓷。型罩(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣,主要有(you)軸對(dui)稱型,如圓錐形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物(wu)線形(xing)(xing)和喇(la)叭(ba)形(xing)(xing)等(deng);面對(dui)稱型,常見的(de)(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)(qie)割屬板(ban)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)和用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)(qie)割管材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)罩(zhao)兩種;中心對(dui)稱型,這種球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)包,中心有(you)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔(qiang)和球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao),球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外(wai)敷設炸,若能(neng)在瞬間同時起爆,可在空腔(qiang)中心點獲得(de)極(ji)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量集中。在工程(cheng)中常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是軸對(dui)稱型和面對(dui)稱型兩類型罩(zhao)。
是將炸(zha)藥(yao)裝(zhuang)在(zai)聚能(neng)管內,兩(liang)頭均放置了(le)水(shui)袋,聚能(neng)管爆炸(zha)產生的高溫高壓射流,讓水(shui)袋產生“水(shui)楔(xie)”效應,使圍巖裂(lie)縫(feng)加(jia)劇(ju)延伸擴展。它(ta)是在(zai)水(shui)壓光面爆破(po)基(ji)礎上發展起來的一(yi)項新技術(shu),區別只是在(zai)周邊眼(yan)中(zhong)安裝(zhuang)專用線性聚能(neng)藥(yao)管替代常規爆破(po)藥(yao)卷和傳爆線,只要做(zuo)到七大關鍵環(huan)節:水(shui)袋挺拔飽滿(man)、炮泥軟硬適(shi)中(zhong)、水(shui)袋裝(zhuang)填到底、炮泥回填到口、木棍逐節搗(dao)固、水(shui)藥(yao)緊(jin)密相連、槽面必須平行,就能(neng)對控制超欠挖(wa)起到良好效果(guo)。在(zai)推廣水(shui)壓爆破(po)的基(ji)礎上,去年(nian)9月,水(shui)壓聚能(neng)爆破(po)的成(cheng)果(guo)上,今年(nian)更為深(shen)入(ru)地(di)在(zai)興泉(quan)鐵(tie)路大嶺隧(sui)道、牡佳鐵(tie)路麻山隧(sui)道采用了(le)此項技術(shu),積累了(le)成(cheng)功經驗(yan)。
采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)種(zhong)抗(kang)靜(jing)電(dian)阻燃的特種(zhong)塑料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、異形雙槽(cao)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan),根據(ju)炮眼深度可(ke)長可(ke)短。是兩個(ge)相似半壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)組成(cheng),半壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)央有個(ge)凹進去(qu)的槽(cao)叫做'聚(ju)能槽(cao)",使用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)型(xing)效果好,開挖輪(lun)廓線(xian)平順(shun)整齊,圍巖擾動減(jian)(jian)少(shao)、超欠挖明顯(xian)(xian)改善,有利于(yu)支(zhi)護工(gong)序施(shi)工(gong),同時(shi)(shi)混凝土(tu)回(hui)填成(cheng)本大為(wei)降低(di)(di)。鑿孔(kong)率減(jian)(jian)少(shao)30%,大大降低(di)(di)了(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作業工(gong)班(ban)的勞(lao)(lao)動量(liang):鉆孔(kong)縮短30分鐘、少(shao)打眼、出渣量(liang)減(jian)(jian)少(shao),降低(di)(di)了(le)材料(liao)成(cheng)本、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)工(gong)時(shi)(shi)消耗、勞(lao)(lao)動效率明顯(xian)(xian)提高(gao)(gao),周邊眼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)本降低(di)(di)30%以上,半眼痕保留率高(gao)(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要(yao)(yao)進行(xing)光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)的工(gong)程。采用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)能管(guan)(guan)(guan)的光面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)可(ke)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)鉆孔(kong),擴大孔(kong)距(ju),減(jian)(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)量(liang),減(jian)(jian)少(shao)超挖,減(jian)(jian)少(shao)噴(pen)漿,提高(gao)(gao)半孔(kong)率,既節省了(le)成(cheng)本又提高(gao)(gao)了(le)施(shi)工(gong)效率。
專(zhuan)(zhuan)注爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)聚能(neng)管(guan)批發銷售(shou)。隨(sui)著(zhu)中(zhong)國(guo)現代化(hua)建設(she)的(de)發展,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業(ye)環(huan)(huan)境越來(lai)越復雜,對(dui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)全的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)可能(neng)也會(hui)(hui)越來(lai)越高(gao)。盡管(guan)我(wo)們(men)工(gong)程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技術已(yi)達到很高(gao)水平,爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業(ye)是一項危險性的(de)工(gong)作(zuo),大家知道,一次爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)事故(gu),可能(neng)會(hui)(hui)造成(cheng)(cheng)人(ren)民生(sheng)命和(he)財產(chan)的(de)損失(shi),也可能(neng)導(dao)致環(huan)(huan)境受到破(po)壞。為了(le)(le)安(an)全,在工(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong),往往有許多要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)和(he)標準需要(yao)我(wo)們(men)努力去(qu)解決(jue),比(bi)如嚴格控(kong)制爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)振動效(xiao)應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)沖(chong)擊(ji)波、噪聲、粉(fen)塵(chen)等影響,要(yao)預防電干擾等對(dui)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業(ye)的(de)威(wei)脅(xie),還(huan)要(yao)關注水土保(bao)持(chi)、環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護等問題。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業(ye)的(de)安(an)全問題一直是各方面所(suo)重視的(de)問題,已(yi)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)一種專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)的(de)規(gui)范、制度和(he)技術。如中(zhong)國(guo)自1992年頒布《拆(chai)除(chu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)安(an)全規(gui)程(cheng)》,通過拆(chai)除(chu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)分(fen)級管(guan)理、承擔單位及人(ren)員資(zi)格審(shen)查(cha)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技術人(ren)員培訓與(yu)(yu)考(kao)核、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)設(she)計審(shen)查(cha)與(yu)(yu)安(an)全評(ping)估等規(gui)定,有力地(di)推動了(le)(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)安(an)全管(guan)理,取得了(le)(le)顯著(zhu)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)。
水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)技術基礎上(shang)發展起來的(de)一項新技術,其掏槽眼(yan)、輔助眼(yan)裝藥結構和(he)爆(bao)破(po)方式與水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)相同,但在周邊眼(yan)中安裝專用線(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)替代(dai)常規爆(bao)破(po)藥卷和(he)傳爆(bao)線(xian),利用線(xian)性聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)藥管(guan)產生的(de)粒子射流動能(neng)(neng)、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)爆(bao)破(po)氣體應力及(ji)“氣楔”作(zuo)用,形成(cheng)平整圓順的(de)開挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian),對控制超欠挖(wa)具有(you)(you)良好效果,有(you)(you)效提升(sheng)了隧道(dao)施工質量(liang)、進度(du)和(he)經濟效益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)較水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po),在周邊眼(yan)單循環火工品使用量(liang)上(shang)節約(yue)(yue)費用8.3%,周邊眼(yan)鉆孔數量(liang)從(cong)39個下降為23個費用節約(yue)(yue)41%,混(hun)凝土噴射每(mei)(mei)延(yan)(yan)米節約(yue)(yue)1.37立方米。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)比(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)每(mei)(mei)循環節約(yue)(yue)費用258.4元(yuan),即(ji)每(mei)(mei)延(yan)(yan)米節約(yue)(yue)76較元(yuan),節約(yue)(yue)費用比(bi)例(li)達32%。此外(wai),聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效降低(di)隧道(dao)內石(shi)渣塊(kuai)度(du)和(he)粉塵含(han)量(liang),還(huan)可使通風時間有(you)(you)效縮短33%。