聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)由炸(zha)(zha)、形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、隔(ge)板、殼體(ti)、引信(xin)和(he)支架等(deng)部分組成(cheng)(cheng)，其作用(yong)(yong)及對(dui)(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)威(wei)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響分述如(ru)下。1．炸(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)是(shi)(shi)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管爆(bao)破的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)壓(ya)越大，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)彈威(wei)力越大；為得(de)到高爆(bao)壓(ya)，需高爆(bao)速、高密度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)(zha)有(you)梯(ti)(ti)恩梯(ti)(ti)、8321炸(zha)(zha)等(deng)，裝方法有(you)熔鑄，塑裝和(he)壓(ya)裝多種(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)把炸(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)體(ti)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)射流動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，從而提高其穿透和(he)切(qie)(qie)割能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿足四點要(yao)求，即可(ke)壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度(du)高、塑性(xing)和(he)延展性(xing)好(hao)，在(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)射流中(zhong)不汽(qi)化(hua)。大量(liang)試(shi)驗證明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)效果好(hao)，其次為鑄鐵、鋼和(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣，主要(yao)有(you)軸對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如(ru)圓錐形(xing)(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、拋物線形(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)(qie)割屬板材的(de)(de)(de)(de)直線形(xing)(xing)和(he)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)(qie)割管材的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)兩種(zhong)；中(zhong)心對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包(bao)，中(zhong)心有(you)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)空腔(qiang)和(he)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)外(wai)敷(fu)設(she)炸(zha)(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)瞬(shun)間同時起爆(bao)，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)空腔(qiang)中(zhong)心點獲得(de)極(ji)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)工程中(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)軸對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)面對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)。

施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝嚴格遵循(xun)六字方針(掛滿(man)、貼(tie)緊、對準)：(1)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求合理布置。(2)要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)的打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,一定要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)規(gui)定位置上打(da)眼(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)深度和角度。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管裝(zhuang)藥時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證乳化炸(zha)(zha)藥在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)內壁(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)填充飽(bao)滿(man)不得有空(kong)隙出現時以(yi)產生(sheng)拒(ju)爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管在(zai)炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)裝(zhuang)填時,要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的兩條(tiao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指向巷道輪(lun)廓線方向并(bing)且各個炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸線方面要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證相互連接在(zai)隧道輪(lun)廓線上。否則(ze)成型效果不僅不好,反而更(geng)差。(5)保(bao)(bao)證炮(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質量。(6)放(fang)炮(pao)員(yuan)應(ying)提前按規(gui)定裝(zhuang)好聚(ju)(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的炸(zha)(zha)藥,并(bing)做好準備工(gong)(gong)作。試用(yong)范圍:一級至五級圍巖的光面爆破工(gong)(gong)程。

c型聚能管廠家給大家介紹下爆破聚能管的技術原理∶炸藥爆炸產生的爆轟波通過聚能管的聚能槽，將炸藥的動能、勢能轉換成高壓、高速、高能的射流，切割演示成縫。專用c型聚能管射流在孔(kong)(kong)壁產(chan)生射流壓(ya)力達7000MPa，巖(yan)(yan)石動載抗壓(ya)強(qiang)度為(wei)(wei)200MPa，抗拉為(wei)(wei)1/8～1/10的抗壓(ya)強(qiang)度，相鄰兩炮孔(kong)(kong)互為(wei)(wei)鄰空面，疊加(jia)后的壓(ya)縮波變(bian)為(wei)(wei)稀疏波，在兩炮眼連線(xian)(xian)上使巖(yan)(yan)石結(jie)構斷裂，形成(cheng)裂紋。準靜(jing)態氣體膨脹，靜(jing)態壓(ya)力在兩炮孔(kong)(kong)最短連線(xian)(xian)兩側產(chan)生拉力使巖(yan)(yan)石裂縫(feng)進一(yi)步擴(kuo)展。根據爆(bao)破(po)應力集中(zhong)氣刃作用原則，爆(bao)破(po)氣體沿裂縫(feng)進一(yi)步擴(kuo)大(da)貫通，拋落巖(yan)(yan)石。

的(de)(de)軍事(shi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)：聚能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，早(zao)在二(er)次(ci)世(shi)界大(da)戰期間就在軍事(shi)方面廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。國(guo)內在聚能(neng)破(po)甲(jia)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)如大(da)錐角反艦導彈(dan)戰斗部(bu)和大(da)錐角反坦克地雷以及敏感彈(dan)戰斗部(bu)等方面取得(de)了較為快速的(de)(de)發(fa)展，我國(guo)20世(shi)紀(ji)60年代(dai)打破(po)國(guo)外技(ji)術(shu)(shu)封(feng)鎖(suo)獨(du)立自主研(yan)發(fa)成功原子(zi)彈(dan)就是得(de)力于聚能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)轟擊(ji)核(he)裝置而(er)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)原子(zi)彈(dan)。的(de)(de)民爆(bao)(bao)(bao)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)——切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)：聚能(neng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于工程建設也是20世(shi)紀(ji)60年代(dai)開(kai)始的(de)(de)，首(shou)先是瑞典(dian)的(de)(de)U﹒Langefors提出孔壁切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)槽口應(ying)力集中(zhong)定向開(kai)裂(lie)的(de)(de)設想，后經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗(yan)證是有效的(de)(de)。70年代(dai)國(guo)外廣泛研(yan)究和應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了切(qie)槽爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。