發揮巨大效力的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)又在(zai)其(qi)上(shang)(shang)面的(de)(de)“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”上(shang)(shang)。項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)目(mu)前(qian)采用的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)有(you)(you)兩(liang)個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”，通過(guo)這兩(liang)個(ge)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用讓(rang)爆炸的(de)(de)威(wei)力在(zai)隧道中(zhong)(zhong)切割出十(shi)分平順(shun)的(de)(de)輪廓線，的(de)(de)控制了(le)爆破量，有(you)(you)效管(guan)控了(le)超挖(wa)(wa)欠挖(wa)(wa)的(de)(de)現象(xiang)。為(wei)了(le)進(jin)一步嚴(yan)格控制開挖(wa)(wa)輪廓，達(da)到(dao)提高光(guang)面爆破效果的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)，并(bing)研究出了(le)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)上(shang)(shang)兩(liang)個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”變為(wei)三個(ge)“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”的(de)(de)發明設計，目(mu)前(qian)，該發明設計已經(jing)進(jin)入到(dao)了(le)試生產階(jie)段。未來(lai)，三“聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽(cao)(cao)”設計的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)水壓爆破技(ji)術(shu)將推動中(zhong)(zhong)鐵十(shi)四局四公司張(zhang)吉懷鐵路(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)施(shi)工(gong)開展邁上(shang)(shang)一個(ge)新(xin)的(de)(de)臺階(jie)，給項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)部(bu)帶(dai)來(lai)巨大的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益。工(gong)程爆破技(ji)術(shu)經(jing)過(guo)幾(ji)十(shi)年的(de)(de)發展，已經(jing)滲透到(dao)經(jing)濟建設的(de)(de)眾多領域，特別為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)鐵路(lu)建設、礦(kuang)山開采、城市(shi)拆舊定向爆破等做(zuo)出了(le)重要貢獻(xian)。

的(de)軍(jun)事應用(yong)：聚(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)，早在二次(ci)世(shi)界大戰期(qi)間就在軍(jun)事方(fang)面廣泛(fan)應用(yong)。國(guo)內在聚(ju)能(neng)破(po)(po)甲技(ji)術(shu)如大錐角(jiao)反艦導(dao)彈戰斗部和(he)大錐角(jiao)反坦(tan)克地雷以及敏感彈戰斗部等方(fang)面取得了較(jiao)為快速的(de)發(fa)展，我國(guo)20世(shi)紀(ji)60年(nian)代打破(po)(po)國(guo)外技(ji)術(shu)封(feng)鎖(suo)獨(du)立自主(zhu)研(yan)發(fa)成功(gong)原子彈就是得力(li)于聚(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)轟擊核裝置而引爆(bao)原子彈。的(de)民爆(bao)應用(yong)——切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)：聚(ju)能(neng)爆(bao)破(po)(po)用(yong)于工程建設也是20世(shi)紀(ji)60年(nian)代開(kai)始的(de)，首(shou)先是瑞典的(de)U﹒Langefors提(ti)出孔壁切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)利用(yong)槽(cao)口應力(li)集(ji)中定向(xiang)開(kai)裂的(de)設想，后經W﹒L﹒Fourney驗證是有效的(de)。70年(nian)代國(guo)外廣泛(fan)研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)應用(yong)了切(qie)槽(cao)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)。

專用c型聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。c型聚能管廠家型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)材料(liao)必(bi)須滿足四點要(yao)求，即(ji)可(ke)壓(ya)縮(suo)性小(xiao)、密度(du)高、塑性和(he)延展性好，在形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)射流中不汽化。大量(liang)試驗證明，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效果(guo)好，其次為鑄鐵(tie)、鋼(gang)和(he)陶(tao)瓷(ci)。型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種(zhong)多樣，主(zhu)要(yao)有軸對稱型(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)；面對稱型(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)有用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割屬板材的(de)(de)直線(xian)(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)割管材的(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩種(zhong)；中心對稱型(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)(neng)包，中心有球形(xing)(xing)(xing)空(kong)腔(qiang)和(he)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，球形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)外敷(fu)設炸，若能(neng)(neng)在瞬間同(tong)時(shi)起爆，可(ke)在空(kong)腔(qiang)中心點獲得極大的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中。在工程中常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)軸對稱型(xing)(xing)和(he)面對稱型(xing)(xing)兩類(lei)型(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、前錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽、后定(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵構成，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑(su)性材(cai)料(liao)制成，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小于(yu)(yu)正常炮眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度(du)可隨爆破需要生(sheng)(sheng)產，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)兩(liang)(liang)端各有外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，兩(liang)(liang)端外(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)間有一(yi)縱向切縫，切縫間等距有加(jia)強筋，前錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽呈傘狀，傘形(xing)尖有一(yi)光(guang)孔，兩(liang)(liang)側直(zhi)(zhi)壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前端螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)(he)，帽體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵為一(yi)封蓋，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大(da)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，與(yu)(yu)前錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，后定(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)，與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后端螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)(he)。可根據炮眼深(shen)度(du)采用合(he)(he)適的(de)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需其他工具(ju)幫助送入炮眼，切縫方向準(zhun)確，兩(liang)(liang)端的(de)前錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)格(ge)帽和后定(ding)(ding)格(ge)堵外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)(yu)炮眼內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)致，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同(tong)心，定(ding)(ding)向準(zhun)確。且利于(yu)(yu)工業化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產，作業安全