專業礦用型聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。礦用型聚能管廠家型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)(de)材料必須滿(man)足四點(dian)(dian)要求(qiu)，即可(ke)壓縮性小(xiao)、密度高、塑性和(he)延展性好，在(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成射流中(zhong)不汽(qi)化(hua)。大量試驗(yan)證(zheng)明，用(yong)紫銅制(zhi)作型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩效果好，其次為鑄鐵(tie)、鋼和(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀多種多樣(yang)，主要有軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓錐形(xing)(xing)(xing)、半(ban)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拋物線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)喇叭形(xing)(xing)(xing)等；面(mian)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)(de)有用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割屬板材的(de)(de)(de)直線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)用(yong)于(yu)切(qie)割管材的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)罩兩種；中(zhong)心對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)聚能(neng)包，中(zhong)心有球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)空腔(qiang)和(he)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩，球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)罩外敷(fu)設炸，若能(neng)在(zai)瞬(shun)間同時起爆，可(ke)在(zai)空腔(qiang)中(zhong)心點(dian)(dian)獲得極大的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量集中(zhong)。在(zai)工程中(zhong)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)軸對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)面(mian)對(dui)稱(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩。

在(zai)(zai)建造隧道的(de)時候，人(ren)們首先(xian)想到(dao)的(de)個方式，就是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，開山挖隧道修路，常規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)需(xu)(xu)要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)數以噸計的(de)炸(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)的(de)威力十分(fen)巨(ju)大，但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)炸(zha)(zha)完(wan)之(zhi)后，空氣中(zhong)(zhong)全是(shi)煙塵，根本無(wu)法進(jin)入，另外常規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)炸(zha)(zha)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)輪廓線凹凸不平，后期常常需(xu)(xu)要工人(ren)進(jin)一(yi)步修補輪廓線才(cai)能進(jin)行下一(yi)道工序，耗(hao)時耗(hao)力，那么(me)有沒有其(qi)他的(de)方式比常規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)更(geng)好(hao)呢(ni)？2018年3月，央視報道了(le)一(yi)場隧道爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)對(dui)比實驗(yan)，實驗(yan)采用(yong)(yong)兩種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，滴喲中(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)炸(zha)(zha)的(de)常規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，第二(er)種則是(shi)國人(ren)新(xin)發明的(de)聚能水(shui)壓光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)，隨著聲聲巨(ju)響，這場對(dui)比試驗(yan)的(de)結果超乎所有人(ren)的(de)意料，聚能水(shui)壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)(zha)效果更(geng)好(hao)，而且爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)產生的(de)水(shui)霧(wu)能將(jiang)煙塵覆(fu)蓋，起到(dao)降塵的(de)作用(yong)(yong)，這項(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)新(xin)方式得到(dao)了(le)觀眾們的(de)認(ren)可。

火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)是利用導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)傳遞火(huo)焰點燃(ran)火(huo)雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)。這種(zhong)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)所需的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)有：導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)、火(huo)雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)和點火(huo)材(cai)料(liao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)操作簡(jian)單、靈(ling)活，使用方(fang)便，成(cheng)本較低(di)，廣泛應用于小(xiao)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)和掘進。由于導(dao)(dao)(dao)火(huo)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)速燃(ran)、緩燃(ran)等弊病，在爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)事故(gu)所占比重最大(da)。不能多處裝藥(yao)同時起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)，用導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)直接起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)包的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)叫導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)。先用雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)，當(dang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波傳至(zhi)炸(zha)藥(yao)包時，將炸(zha)藥(yao)引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需要(yao)延時分(fen)(fen)段起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，將導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)中(zhong)接入(ru)繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，就能達到導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。這種(zhong)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)法(fa)所需起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材(cai)料(liao)有：雷管(guan)(guan)(guan)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等。導(dao)(dao)(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)(suo)(suo)起(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路常用的(de)(de)(de)有：串(chuan)聯(lian)、簇并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)、單向分(fen)(fen)段并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)和雙(shuang)向分(fen)(fen)段并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)等。

水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)較(jiao)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，在周(zhou)邊眼單循環(huan)(huan)火(huo)工品使(shi)用(yong)量(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)邊眼鉆孔數(shu)量(liang)從39個下降為23個費(fei)用(yong)節(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土噴射每延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方(fang)米(mi)。水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)比水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)每循環(huan)(huan)節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)258.4元(yuan)，即每延米(mi)節(jie)約(yue)76較(jiao)元(yuan)，節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)比例達32%。此外，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)水(shui)壓光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)降低(di)隧道內(nei)石(shi)渣塊度和粉塵含量(liang)，還(huan)可使(shi)通風時間有效(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工藝技(ji)術很(hen)成熟、可操作(zuo)性很(hen)強、材料成本很(hen)低(di)、施(shi)工速度很(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)保效(xiao)果很(hen)顯著、經濟效(xiao)益社會效(xiao)益很(hen)高。聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術是近幾年發展起(qi)來的(de)(de)一項掘進新技(ji)術,這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術與傳統的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術有一定(ding)的(de)(de)差(cha)別,聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)定(ding)向爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)原理是在巷道周(zhou)邊眼中,將炸裝(zhuang)在聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)中起(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)時利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)的(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)用(yong),以(yi)減少裂隙的(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)和控制優勢裂隙的(de)(de)發展方(fang)向。