給大(da)家介紹下爆破聚能(neng)管的(de)技術原理(li)∶炸(zha)藥爆炸(zha)產生(sheng)的(de)爆轟波(bo)通過聚能(neng)管的(de)聚能(neng)槽，將炸(zha)藥的(de)動能(neng)、勢能(neng)轉換成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)、高(gao)(gao)速、高(gao)(gao)能(neng)的(de)射流，切(qie)割演示成(cheng)縫(feng)。射流在孔壁(bi)產生(sheng)射流壓(ya)力達(da)7000MPa，巖石(shi)動載(zai)抗壓(ya)強度為200MPa，抗拉為1/8～1/10的(de)抗壓(ya)強度，相鄰兩(liang)炮(pao)孔互為鄰空面(mian)，疊加后的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)波(bo)變為稀疏波(bo)，在兩(liang)炮(pao)眼連線上使(shi)巖石(shi)結構斷(duan)裂(lie)，形成(cheng)裂(lie)紋。準靜態氣(qi)(qi)體膨脹，靜態壓(ya)力在兩(liang)炮(pao)孔最短連線兩(liang)側產生(sheng)拉力使(shi)巖石(shi)裂(lie)縫(feng)進一步擴(kuo)(kuo)展。根據爆破應(ying)力集中氣(qi)(qi)刃作用原則，爆破氣(qi)(qi)體沿裂(lie)縫(feng)進一步擴(kuo)(kuo)大(da)貫通，拋落巖石(shi)。

水壓光面爆破技術基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆破方式與水壓光面爆破相同，但在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，利用線性聚能藥管產生的粒子射流動能、高壓爆破氣體應力及“氣楔”作用，形成平整圓順的開挖輪廓面，對控制超欠挖具有良好效果，有效提升了隧道施工質量、進度和經濟效益。專用多向聚能管水壓光面爆破較水壓光面爆破，在周邊眼單循環火工品使用量上節約費用8.3%，周邊眼鉆孔數量從39個下降為23個費用節約41%，混凝土噴射每延米節約1.37立方米。聚能水壓光面爆破比水壓光面爆破每循環節約費用258.4元，即每延米節約76較元，節約費用比例達32%。此外，專用多向聚能管聚能水壓光面爆破(po)能有效降低隧道內石渣(zha)塊度和粉塵(chen)含(han)量(liang)，還可使通風(feng)時(shi)間有效縮(suo)短33%。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽、后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為塑性材料制成，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小(xiao)于(yu)正常炮眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，長度可(ke)隨(sui)爆破需(xu)要生產(chan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)兩端(duan)(duan)各有(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋，兩端(duan)(duan)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋間有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)縱向切縫(feng)(feng)(feng)，切縫(feng)(feng)(feng)間等(deng)距(ju)有(you)(you)加強筋，前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽呈傘(san)狀，傘(san)形(xing)尖(jian)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)光孔，兩側直壁內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)前(qian)端(duan)(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋配(pei)合，帽體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)為一(yi)(yi)封蓋，外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，與前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)后端(duan)(duan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋配(pei)合。可(ke)根據炮眼(yan)深度采用合適的聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不需(xu)其他工(gong)具(ju)幫助送入炮眼(yan)，切縫(feng)(feng)(feng)方向準確，兩端(duan)(duan)的前(qian)錐(zhui)形(xing)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)帽和后定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)格(ge)(ge)(ge)堵(du)(du)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與炮眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)，保證聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同心，定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向準確。且利于(yu)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)生產(chan)，作業(ye)安(an)全

水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)，是在(zai)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)術(shu)基礎上(shang)發展起(qi)來的(de)一項新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結(jie)構(gou)和(he)爆(bao)(bao)破方(fang)式與(yu)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破相同，但在(zai)周邊(bian)眼中安(an)裝專用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管裝置替代常規爆(bao)(bao)破藥卷和(he)傳爆(bao)(bao)線，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管產生(sheng)的(de)粒子射流(liu)動(dong)能(neng)、高壓(ya)(ya)爆(bao)(bao)破氣體(ti)應(ying)(ying)力及“氣楔”作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，形成平整圓(yuan)順的(de)開(kai)挖輪廓面，對控(kong)制超欠挖具有良好效(xiao)果，有效(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)了隧道施(shi)工質量(liang)、進(jin)度和(he)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)。科學合理地利用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)源(yuan)，提(ti)高能(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)效(xiao)率，對節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排也十(shi)分重要。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管兩端的(de)水(shui)平開(kai)出的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)射流(liu)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)對巖石(shi)進(jin)行破碎。據專家測算，由于聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管兩端聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽產生(sheng)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)切割效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)，其能(neng)效(xiao)比提(ti)升(sheng)一個量(liang)級。