專業多向聚能管施工工藝嚴格遵循六字方針(掛滿、貼緊、對準)：(1)要保證炮眼打眼質量,炮眼必須按技術要求合理布置。(2)要保證掏槽眼以及其他眼眼的打眼質量,一定要在規定位置上打眼;二河源多向聚能管要(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼深度(du)和角度(du)。(3)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)乳化炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao)在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中(zhong)空內壁中(zhong)填充飽滿不得有空隙出現時以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)在炮(pao)(pao)眼中(zhong)裝(zhuang)填時,要(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)兩(liang)條聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽指(zhi)向巷道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)(xian)方向并且各個(ge)炮(pao)(pao)眼聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽軸線(xian)(xian)方面要(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)相互連接在隧道(dao)輪(lun)廓線(xian)(xian)上(shang)。否則成型(xing)效果不僅不好(hao),反而更(geng)差。(5)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼堵塞(sai)質量。(6)放炮(pao)(pao)員(yuan)應(ying)提前按規定裝(zhuang)好(hao)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)藥(yao),并做(zuo)好(hao)準備工作(zuo)。試用范(fan)圍(wei):一級(ji)至(zhi)五級(ji)圍(wei)巖(yan)的(de)(de)光面爆破工程。

我(wo)國于1983年(nian)制定了《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物巖行(xing)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，在(zai)水(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)電(dian)建設中預裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破與(yu)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破已成為(wei)(wei)必須進行(xing)的(de)保護邊坡(po)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破開(kai)挖(wa)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。此后(hou)在(zai)此基礎上(shang)修訂的(de)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物巖石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)(shui)電(dian)水(shui)(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)破工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和(he)(he)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建筑物巖石(shi)基礎開(kai)挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破與(yu)光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破均被編(bian)入并(bing)有(you)所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編(bian)為(wei)(wei)DL／T 5135—2012。鐵道部(bu)也不僅規(gui)(gui)定了凡(fan)是Ⅲ級以上(shang)的(de)巖石(shi)邊坡(po)，設計(ji)邊坡(po)坡(po)度為(wei)(wei)1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊坡(po)部(bu)位的(de)爆(bao)(bao)破設計(ji)和(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應(ying)(ying)采用光(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破或預裂(lie)(lie)爆(bao)(bao)破，并(bing)闡述(shu)了光(guang)面(預裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)設計(ji)的(de)原則和(he)(he)參數(shu)、安全措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，而且還明確了路(lu)塹(qian)邊坡(po)光(guang)面(預裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破項目質(zhi)量(liang)驗收檢測數(shu)量(liang)和(he)(he)檢測方(fang)法。無疑(yi)該規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)的(de)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)力地推動和(he)(he)促進了光(guang)面(預裂(lie)(lie))爆(bao)(bao)破技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵路(lu)建設中的(de)應(ying)(ying)用與(yu)發(fa)展。

光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)技術優(you)勢(shi)：相對于傳(chuan)統爆(bao)破(po)工(gong)藝，聚能管(guan)光(guang)面爆(bao)破(po)比常規爆(bao)破(po)具(ju)有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下優(you)勢(shi)∶少打(da)眼，少裝藥。節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)周邊(bian)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)量(liang)50%，總鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)進(jin)尺減少30%；節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)炸藥10～20%，雷管(guan)30%。節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)噴漿料15-20%。節(jie)(jie)(jie)省時間∶每循環鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)、裝藥、噴漿時間1.5-2.0小時。在安全方(fang)面利用水沙袋替代炮(pao)泥(ni)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)避免搗炮(pao)泥(ni)損毀電雷管(guan)導線，造(zao)成瞎炮(pao)。大(da)大(da)減少對圍巖(yan)擾動，光(guang)面效(xiao)果好，巖(yan)性(xing)(xing)條(tiao)件差情況下可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)大(da)減少超挖量(liang)，控制巷(xiang)道成型(xing)；巖(yan)性(xing)(xing)完整(zheng)無節(jie)(jie)(jie)理情況下眼痕(hen)率可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)達到90%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，巷(xiang)道成型(xing)好，穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)強。布孔(kong)(kong)方(fang)式優(you)化(hua)成多(duo)排(pai)掏槽布孔(kong)(kong)，單(dan)次掘進(jin)深度可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)優(you)化(hua)提(ti)高10%到15%不等。由于炮(pao)孔(kong)(kong)數(shu)量(liang)大(da)大(da)減少可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)考慮一起全斷(duan)面起爆(bao)，節(jie)(jie)(jie)省放炮(pao)時間。

水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)基礎(chu)上發展起來(lai)的(de)(de)一項新技術(shu)，其掏(tao)槽眼、輔助(zhu)眼裝藥(yao)(yao)結構和(he)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)方(fang)式(shi)與(yu)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)相(xiang)同(tong)，但(dan)在周(zhou)邊眼中安裝專(zhuan)用線(xian)(xian)性聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)管替(ti)代常(chang)規爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)藥(yao)(yao)卷和(he)傳爆(bao)線(xian)(xian)，利用線(xian)(xian)性聚能(neng)(neng)藥(yao)(yao)管產生的(de)(de)粒子射流(liu)動能(neng)(neng)、高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)氣(qi)體(ti)應(ying)力(li)及“氣(qi)楔”作用，形成平(ping)整圓順的(de)(de)開挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)，對控制超欠挖(wa)具有(you)(you)良好效(xiao)果，有(you)(you)效(xiao)提升了隧道施工質量(liang)、進(jin)度和(he)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)。水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)較水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，在周(zhou)邊眼單循環火工品(pin)使(shi)用量(liang)上節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用8.3%，周(zhou)邊眼鉆孔數量(liang)從39個(ge)下降為23個(ge)費(fei)(fei)用節(jie)(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土噴射每(mei)延米節(jie)(jie)約(yue)1.37立方(fang)米。聚能(neng)(neng)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)比(bi)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)每(mei)循環節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用258.4元，即每(mei)延米節(jie)(jie)約(yue)76較元，節(jie)(jie)約(yue)費(fei)(fei)用比(bi)例達32%。此外，聚能(neng)(neng)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)光面(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)降低隧道內(nei)石渣(zha)塊度和(he)粉塵含量(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時間有(you)(you)效(xiao)縮短33%。