我國20世紀60年代利用斷裂力學對巖石損傷引起的裂紋擴展進行過試驗研究，c型聚能管價格為聚能爆破技術應用到工程做了不少理論分析，也取得一些進展。80年代中期開始進行應用研究，以北京礦業學院為代表，著重研究了聚能藥包切割饑理和應用。1987年淮南礦業學院取得“雙面切割器”的zhuanli，1995年又取得“大理石花崗巖切割技術應用”zhuanli。1991年中國水電七局曾試圖采用硬質紙加工聚能藥管成形聚能藥卷做過聚能預裂爆破試驗研究，c型聚能管價格但終因當時的(de)(de)技術(shu)及工藝水平(ping)的(de)(de)限(xian)制無法用(yong)于正常施(shi)工，但是他們開了橢圓雙(shuang)極線(xian)性(xing)聚能結構試驗的(de)(de)先河。雙(shuang)聚能預裂與光面爆(bao)破綜合技術(shu)開創輪(lun)廓控制爆(bao)破新(xin)時代(dai)。

預裂與光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術的歷史與現狀(zhuang)：預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)計(ji)開(kai)挖(wa)邊(bian)界布(bu)(bu)置密集(ji)(ji)炮(pao)孔(kong)，采(cai)(cai)取不耦(ou)合裝藥(yao)或裝填低(di)威(wei)力(li)炸藥(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)，從而在(zai)(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)與保(bao)留(liu)區(qu)之(zhi)間形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)預裂縫，以(yi)減弱主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)對保(bao)留(liu)巖體的破(po)(po)壞(huai)并(bing)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平整(zheng)輪廓面(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業(ye)。光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)是(shi)沿設(she)計(ji)開(kai)挖(wa)邊(bian)界布(bu)(bu)設(she)密集(ji)(ji)炮(pao)孔(kong)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)不耦(ou)合裝藥(yao)或裝填低(di)威(wei)力(li)炸藥(yao)，在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)區(qu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)之(zhi)后起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)的以(yi)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)平整(zheng)的開(kai)挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)作業(ye)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術的發展是(shi)先出(chu)現光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，然(ran)后衍生(sheng)發展為預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。聚(ju)能(neng)管國(guo)內(nei)歷史與現狀(zhuang)，我國(guo)于1964～1965年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)湖北陸水(shui)水(shui)電站施工中做過淺孔(kong)預裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)試驗，1965年(nian)(nian)鐵(tie)道(dao)部(bu)門在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)昆鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設(she)中開(kai)始(shi)試驗光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，1977年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)西延線張家船工點，全(quan)長近200m的2000m2路(lu)(lu)塹邊(bian)坡(po)全(quan)部(bu)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)后邊(bian)坡(po)平整(zheng)穩(wen)定，殘留(liu)的半孔(kong)清(qing)晰可見，是(shi)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設(she)中采(cai)(cai)用(yong)路(lu)(lu)塹光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)。

在(zai)工程爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，常用(yong)的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)火(huo)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使(shi)雷管(guan)(guan)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而(er)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)(fa)。它所需(xu)的(de)器材有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)(guan)、導(dao)線和起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路(lu)的(de)連接(jie)形式，要根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)規模、工程的(de)重要性、所選起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及(ji)其起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)等進行(xing)選擇，基本(ben)連接(jie)方式有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)：串(chuan)(chuan)聯、并聯、串(chuan)(chuan)并聯和并串(chuan)(chuan)聯等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較安(an)全、可靠、準確(que)、高效等優點，在(zai)國內外仍(reng)占(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較大(da)比重。在(zai)大(da)、中(zhong)型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)中(zhong)，主要仍(reng)是(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特(te)別是(shi)在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓦斯(si)、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主要的(de)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容(rong)易受各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)干擾而(er)發生早爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高壓感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)環(huan)境中(zhong)，不能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管(guan)(guan)。

水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)較水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，在周邊(bian)眼單循環火工(gong)品使(shi)用量(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)費用8.3%，周邊(bian)眼鉆孔數(shu)(shu)量(liang)從39個下降(jiang)為23個費用節(jie)約(yue)41%，混(hun)凝土(tu)噴射每延米節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方米。水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)比(bi)水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)每循環節(jie)約(yue)費用258.4元(yuan)，即每延米節(jie)約(yue)76較元(yuan)，節(jie)約(yue)費用比(bi)例達32%。此外，聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)水(shui)壓(ya)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)降(jiang)低隧(sui)道內石渣塊(kuai)度和粉塵含量(liang)，還可(ke)使(shi)通風時(shi)間(jian)有(you)(you)效(xiao)縮短(duan)33%。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)藝(yi)技術(shu)很(hen)(hen)(hen)成熟、可(ke)操作性很(hen)(hen)(hen)強、材料成本很(hen)(hen)(hen)低、施工(gong)速度很(hen)(hen)(hen)快、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保效(xiao)果很(hen)(hen)(hen)顯著、經(jing)濟效(xiao)益社(she)會(hui)效(xiao)益很(hen)(hen)(hen)高。聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)是近幾年發展起(qi)來的(de)一項掘(jue)進(jin)新技術(shu),這種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)與傳(chuan)統的(de)光(guang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)有(you)(you)一定的(de)差別,聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)定向(xiang)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)原理(li)是在巷道周邊(bian)眼中,將炸裝(zhuang)在聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)中起(qi)爆(bao),爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)時(shi)利(li)用聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)(neng)作用,以減(jian)少裂(lie)隙(xi)的(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和控制優勢裂(lie)隙(xi)的(de)發展方向(xiang)。