聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)破(po)(po)碎(sui)法(fa)(fa)特點是:不需(xu)要(yao)打(da)眼(yan)，因而不需(xu)要(yao)購買(mai)打(da)眼(yan)設備(bei)和(he)(he)動力(li)設備(bei);施工(gong)簡單，施工(gong)進度(du)(du)比(bi)淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)快(kuai)安全性比(bi)普通淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)普通裸露藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)法(fa)(fa)好;勞動強度(du)(du)比(bi)淺(qian)(qian)眼(yan)爆(bao)破(po)(po)法(fa)(fa)低。制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有:黑索金和(he)(he)梯恩梯混合熔鑄型;乳化油炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)黑索金混裝型和(he)(he)二(er)號巖石硝鉸炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)壓制型。根據使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)結果(guo)證(zheng)明，選用(yong)(yong)密(mi)度(du)(du)較(jiao)大和(he)(he)爆(bao)速(su)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)制造(zao)聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)能獲得(de)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)效果(guo)。這主要(yao)是由于它加(jia)工(gong)簡單和(he)(he)破(po)(po)碎(sui)能力(li)較(jiao)大。在(zai)礦山(shan)由于二(er)次破(po)(po)碎(sui)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)較(jiao)多，而且金屬藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩(zhao)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)費(fei)工(gong)又費(fei)材料，所以多不采用(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)型罩(zhao)。國內生產(chan)的(de)(de)一種用(yong)(yong)于破(po)(po)碎(sui)大塊的(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)，裝置聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)時，要(yao)將(jiang)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)垂直裝在(zai)大塊的(de)(de)頂面(mian)上(shang)，聚(ju)(ju)能穴朝下。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)位置應選在(zai)頂面(mian)的(de)(de)幾何中心或附近較(jiao)平(ping)整的(de)(de)地點。然后在(zai)上(shang)面(mian)覆蓋泥沙。

我國于1983年制定(ding)了(le)(le)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)巖(yan)(yan)行(xing)基礎開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(sD 121l一(yi)1983)。自此，在(zai)水(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)電(dian)建(jian)設(she)中預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已成(cheng)為必須進行(xing)的(de)(de)保護邊坡(po)質量的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開挖技術(shu)(shu)措施。此后在(zai)此基礎上修訂的(de)(de)《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)基礎開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(SL 47一(yi)1994)以及在(zai)《水(shui)(shui)電(dian)水(shui)(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和《水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)基礎開挖工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)規范(fan)(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均被編入并(bing)有(you)所改進，DL／T 5135—2001正在(zai)修編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道部(bu)(bu)也不僅規定(ding)了(le)(le)凡(fan)是(shi)Ⅲ級(ji)以上的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)邊坡(po)，設(she)計(ji)邊坡(po)坡(po)度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在(zai)邊坡(po)部(bu)(bu)位的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)計(ji)和施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都應采(cai)用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或(huo)預(yu)裂爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，并(bing)闡述了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)原則和參數、安全措施，而且還(huan)明確(que)了(le)(le)路塹邊坡(po)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項(xiang)目質量驗(yan)收檢測數量和檢測方法。無疑該規程(cheng)的(de)(de)實施，有(you)力地推(tui)動和促(cu)進了(le)(le)光(guang)面(mian)(預(yu)裂)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)在(zai)鐵(tie)路建(jian)設(she)中的(de)(de)應用(yong)與(yu)(yu)發展。

對(dui)(dui)于爆(bao)破(po)作(zuo)(zuo)業安(an)(an)全技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究,是(shi)(shi)從兩個(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)去考慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，一方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)炸和(he)起爆(bao)器材(cai)以及對(dui)(dui)其爆(bao)炸所造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞作(zuo)(zuo)用進行限制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全技術,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)主動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。另一個(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)爆(bao)破(po)所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危害采(cai)取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)護措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi),這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)被動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)。兩者對(dui)(dui)阻(zu)止爆(bao)破(po)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞性有(you)同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)性,但(dan)在(zai)具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)工程(cheng)中,則常(chang)(chang)常(chang)(chang)會有(you)變化不(bu)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象和(he)后(hou)果(guo),因(yin)此(ci),必須(xu)對(dui)(dui)每一項工程(cheng)破(po)壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體情(qing)況作(zuo)(zuo)細致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析研究,從而采(cai)取(qu)適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)策。同(tong)時，雖然(ran)技術不(bu)斷取(qu)得進步，須(xu)在(zai)操作(zuo)(zuo)過程(cheng)中注意(yi)每個(ge)(ge)工序(xu)，按照安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)認真作(zuo)(zuo)業。只要(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格遵守安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)、正(zheng)確地(di)采(cai)取(qu)安(an)(an)全技術措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)和(he)防(fang)護措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi),任何規(gui)(gui)模、任何種類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)破(po)是(shi)(shi)可以確保安(an)(an)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。一些安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條文是(shi)(shi)有(you)經(jing)驗教訓(xun)和(he)理論根據的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)甚至是(shi)(shi)血的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教訓(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總結，所以一定要(yao)(yao)克服麻(ma)痹(bi)思想，嚴(yan)格執行安(an)(an)全規(gui)(gui)定，決不(bu)能以沒出過事故而輕率地(di)"突(tu)破(po)"規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"框框"。

火索起爆法，導火索起爆法是利用導火索傳遞火焰點燃火雷管進而起爆炸藥。這種起爆法所需的材料有：導火索、火雷管和點火材料。專業爆破聚能管導火索起爆法操作簡單、靈活，使用方便，成本較低，廣泛應用于小型爆破和掘進。由于導火索的速燃、緩燃等弊病，在爆破中事故所占比重最大。不能多處裝藥同時起爆。導爆索起爆法，爆破聚能管公司用(yong)(yong)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)直(zhi)接(jie)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥包(bao)的方法(fa)(fa)叫導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。先用(yong)(yong)雷管起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)，當(dang)導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)的爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波(bo)傳至炸(zha)藥包(bao)時(shi)，將炸(zha)藥引爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。在需要延時(shi)分段(duan)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的地方，將導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)中接(jie)入繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管，就能達到導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)毫秒爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破的目(mu)的。這種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破法(fa)(fa)所需起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)材料(liao)有：雷管、導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)和繼爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管等。導(dao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索(suo)起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網(wang)路常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的有：串聯(lian)、簇并(bing)聯(lian)、單向分段(duan)并(bing)聯(lian)和雙向分段(duan)并(bing)聯(lian)等。