我國20世紀60年代利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)斷裂(lie)(lie)力學(xue)對(dui)巖(yan)石(shi)損傷引起的裂(lie)(lie)紋擴展進(jin)(jin)行過(guo)試(shi)驗研(yan)究，為聚(ju)(ju)能爆破技術應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到工程做了不少理(li)論分析，也取(qu)得(de)一(yi)些進(jin)(jin)展。80年代中(zhong)期開始進(jin)(jin)行應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)究，以北京礦(kuang)業學(xue)院為代表，著(zhu)重研(yan)究了聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)包切(qie)割饑理(li)和應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1987年淮南礦(kuang)業學(xue)院取(qu)得(de)“雙面切(qie)割器”的zhuanli，1995年又(you)取(qu)得(de)“大理(li)石(shi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)切(qie)割技術應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”zhuanli。1991年中(zhong)國水電七局曾試(shi)圖采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)硬質紙加(jia)工聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)管(guan)成形聚(ju)(ju)能藥(yao)卷做過(guo)聚(ju)(ju)能預(yu)裂(lie)(lie)爆破試(shi)驗研(yan)究，但終因當時(shi)的技術及工藝(yi)水平的限制無法用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于正常施(shi)工，但是他們開了橢圓(yuan)雙極(ji)線性(xing)聚(ju)(ju)能結構試(shi)驗的先河。雙聚(ju)(ju)能預(yu)裂(lie)(lie)與(yu)光(guang)面爆破綜合技術開創輪(lun)廓控制爆破新(xin)時(shi)代。

在工程爆破中，礦用型聚能管廠家常用的起爆方法有：電力起爆法、導火索起爆法、導爆索起爆法、導爆管起爆法。電力起爆法是利用電能使雷管爆炸，進而起爆炸藥的起爆芳法。它所需的器材有：電雷管、導線和起爆電源。電爆網路的連接形式，要根據爆破方法、爆破規模、工程的重要性、所選起爆電源及其起爆能力等進行選擇，潮州礦用型聚能管基本(ben)連(lian)接方(fang)式有(you)(you)：串聯、并(bing)聯、串并(bing)聯和(he)并(bing)串聯等。電(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)法(fa)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)安全、可靠、準確、高效等優(you)點，在(zai)(zai)國內外仍(reng)占有(you)(you)較(jiao)大比重。在(zai)(zai)大、中(zhong)型(xing)爆(bao)(bao)破中(zhong)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)仍(reng)是用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)。特(te)別是在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵(chen)爆(bao)(bao)炸的環境中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)是主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)的起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)方(fang)法(fa)。但(dan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)起(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)容易受(shou)各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)信號的干擾而發生早爆(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)、射頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)、高壓感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)的環境中(zhong)，不能使用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)雷管。

水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)較水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)，在(zai)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)單(dan)循(xun)環火工(gong)品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)上節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)8.3%，周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)鉆孔數量(liang)(liang)從39個下降(jiang)為23個費(fei)用(yong)(yong)節(jie)約(yue)41%，混凝土噴射每(mei)延米節(jie)約(yue)1.37立方(fang)(fang)米。水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)比水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)每(mei)循(xun)環節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)258.4元，即每(mei)延米節(jie)約(yue)76較元，節(jie)約(yue)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)比例達(da)32%。此外，聚(ju)(ju)能管水(shui)壓(ya)光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)能有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)降(jiang)低(di)隧道(dao)(dao)內石(shi)渣(zha)塊度(du)和(he)粉塵含量(liang)(liang)，還可使(shi)通風時間有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)縮短33%。聚(ju)(ju)能管光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)工(gong)藝技術(shu)(shu)很(hen)成(cheng)熟、可操(cao)作(zuo)性(xing)很(hen)強(qiang)、材料(liao)成(cheng)本很(hen)低(di)、施工(gong)速度(du)很(hen)快(kuai)、節(jie)能環保效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果很(hen)顯(xian)著、經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)社會效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)很(hen)高(gao)。聚(ju)(ju)能管定向爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)是(shi)近幾年發展起來的一項掘進新技術(shu)(shu),這種爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)與傳統的光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)技術(shu)(shu)有一定的差別,聚(ju)(ju)能管定向爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)原理是(shi)在(zai)巷道(dao)(dao)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)眼(yan)中,將炸裝在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)能管中起爆(bao),爆(bao)破(po)(po)(po)時利(li)用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能管的聚(ju)(ju)能作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),以(yi)減少裂隙(xi)的數量(liang)(liang)和(he)控制優勢裂隙(xi)的發展方(fang)(fang)向。

各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材銷毀以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)器材意(yi)外爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸時(shi)(shi)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)源與(yu)人員(yuan)(yuan)和其(qi)他保(bao)(bao)護對(dui)象(xiang)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)應取各種爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)效(xiao)應（地震(zhen)、沖(chong)(chong)擊波(bo)、飛石(shi)、有(you)毒(du)氣(qi)體等）分別核定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)大值(zhi)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)時(shi)(shi)，必然產(chan)生爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震(zhen)、空(kong)氣(qi)沖(chong)(chong)擊波(bo)、碎石(shi)飛散及有(you)害氣(qi)體，因此，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)設計(ji)時(shi)(shi)必須(xu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)危害范圍，并確定(ding)(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)點到附近人員(yuan)(yuan)、設備、建筑物(wu)及井巷等的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，這一(yi)段距(ju)離(li)(li)就稱為(wei)(wei)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)。如何控(kong)制好(hao)這段距(ju)離(li)(li)就顯的(de)尤(you)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)要。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)證爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地點與(yu)人員(yuan)(yuan)或其(qi)他應保(bao)(bao)護對(dui)象(xiang)之(zhi)間(jian)必須(xu)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)短(duan)的(de)相隔(ge)長度(du)(du)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)害效(xiao)應隨距(ju)離(li)(li)的(de)增加有(you)規(gui)律(lv)地衰減，用距(ju)離(li)(li)作為(wei)(wei)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)尺度(du)(du)可限(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)有(you)害效(xiao)應在允許(xu)限(xian)度(du)(du)之(zhi)內。中(zhong)國(guo)《爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)程》規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)了爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)(po)地震(zhen)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)，個別飛散物(wu)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)，以(yi)及爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸沖(chong)(chong)擊波(bo)的(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)距(ju)離(li)(li)。