預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)與光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)歷史與現狀：預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿設計(ji)開挖邊界布(bu)置密(mi)集炮(pao)孔(kong)(kong)，采取不耦(ou)合裝藥(yao)(yao)或裝填低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區之(zhi)前起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，從(cong)而(er)在(zai)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區與保留(liu)區之(zhi)間形成預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)縫，以(yi)減弱(ruo)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)對保留(liu)巖(yan)體的(de)(de)破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞并形成平整輪(lun)廓(kuo)面的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)。光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)是沿設計(ji)開挖邊界布(bu)設密(mi)集炮(pao)孔(kong)(kong)，采用不耦(ou)合裝藥(yao)(yao)或裝填低威力炸藥(yao)(yao)，在(zai)主爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)區爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)之(zhi)后起爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)以(yi)形成平整的(de)(de)開挖輪(lun)廓(kuo)面的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業(ye)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)是先出現光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，然后衍生(sheng)發展(zhan)為預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。聚能(neng)管國內歷史與現狀，我國于1964～1965年在(zai)湖北陸水水電站施工(gong)中做(zuo)過淺孔(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)試驗，1965年鐵道部門在(zai)成昆鐵路(lu)建設中開始試驗光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，1977年在(zai)西(xi)延線張家船工(gong)點，全長近200m的(de)(de)2000m2路(lu)塹邊坡全部采用光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)后邊坡平整穩(wen)定，殘留(liu)的(de)(de)半孔(kong)(kong)清(qing)晰可(ke)見，是鐵路(lu)建設中采用路(lu)塹光面爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)。

專用c型聚能管采用一種抗靜電阻燃的特種塑料管、異形雙槽聚能管，根據炮眼深度可長可短。河源c型聚能管是兩個(ge)相(xiang)似半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)(cheng)，半(ban)壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)中央有(you)個(ge)凹進去的(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)叫做'聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)槽(cao)"，使用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)型效果好，開挖輪廓線平(ping)順整齊，圍巖擾動(dong)(dong)減少(shao)(shao)、超(chao)欠挖明顯(xian)(xian)改善，有(you)利于支護工(gong)(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，同時混凝土回填成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)大(da)為降(jiang)低。鑿孔率(lv)(lv)減少(shao)(shao)30%，大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低了(le)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)作(zuo)業工(gong)(gong)班的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)(dong)量:鉆孔縮(suo)短(duan)30分鐘、少(shao)(shao)打(da)眼(yan)、出渣量減少(shao)(shao)，降(jiang)低了(le)材料(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、減少(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)時消耗、勞動(dong)(dong)效率(lv)(lv)明顯(xian)(xian)提高(gao)(gao)，周邊眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)低30%以上，半(ban)眼(yan)痕保留率(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)(bao)破(po)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)主要應用(yong)(yong)于隧道、煤礦、鐵礦等需要進行光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程。采用(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)可(ke)減少(shao)(shao)鉆孔，擴(kuo)大(da)孔距，減少(shao)(shao)導爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)量，減少(shao)(shao)超(chao)挖，減少(shao)(shao)噴漿(jiang)，提高(gao)(gao)半(ban)孔率(lv)(lv)，既節省了(le)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)又提高(gao)(gao)了(le)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)(lv)。

專(zhuan)注(zhu)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)聚能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)批發(fa)銷(xiao)售。隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)中國現代(dai)化建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業環境越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)復(fu)雜，對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)也會越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高(gao)。盡管(guan)(guan)我們工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術已達到(dao)很高(gao)水平，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業是一項(xiang)危險性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作，大(da)家知道，一次爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)事故，可(ke)能(neng)(neng)會造成(cheng)人(ren)民生(sheng)命和財產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)損失，也可(ke)能(neng)(neng)導致環境受到(dao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)壞。為了(le)安(an)全(quan)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實踐中，往(wang)往(wang)有許多要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)和標準(zhun)需要(yao)(yao)我們努(nu)力去解決，比如嚴格控制爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)的(de)(de)(de)振動效應、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)沖(chong)擊波、噪(zao)聲(sheng)、粉塵等影(ying)響，要(yao)(yao)預防(fang)電干擾等對爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業的(de)(de)(de)威脅，還要(yao)(yao)關注(zhu)水土保(bao)持、環境保(bao)護(hu)等問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)作業的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)一直(zhi)是各方面所重(zhong)視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，已形成(cheng)了(le)一種(zhong)專(zhuan)業化的(de)(de)(de)規范、制度和技(ji)術。如中國自1992年頒布(bu)《拆(chai)(chai)除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)安(an)全(quan)規程(cheng)(cheng)》，通過拆(chai)(chai)除爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)分(fen)級管(guan)(guan)理(li)、承擔單位及人(ren)員資格審查(cha)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)技(ji)術人(ren)員培訓與(yu)考核、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)設(she)計審查(cha)與(yu)安(an)全(quan)評估等規定，有力地推(tui)動了(le)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，取(qu)得了(le)顯著(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)效。

施工工藝(yi)嚴格遵循六字方(fang)(fang)針(掛滿(man)、貼緊、對準)：(1)要保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必(bi)須(xu)按技術要求合理布置。(2)要保(bao)證(zheng)掏槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以及其他(ta)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質(zhi)量(liang),一定要在規定位置上打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深(shen)度和角(jiao)度。(3)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管裝藥(yao)(yao)(yao)時,要保(bao)證(zheng)乳化炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao)在聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)內壁中(zhong)(zhong)填充飽滿(man)不(bu)得(de)有(you)空(kong)隙(xi)出現時以產生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管在炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)裝填時,要保(bao)證(zheng)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的(de)兩條聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽指(zhi)向巷(xiang)道輪廓線(xian)方(fang)(fang)向并且各個(ge)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)槽軸線(xian)方(fang)(fang)面要保(bao)證(zheng)相互連接(jie)在隧道輪廓線(xian)上。否(fou)則(ze)成(cheng)型(xing)效果(guo)不(bu)僅不(bu)好,反而更差。(5)保(bao)證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質(zhi)量(liang)。(6)放炮(pao)(pao)員應提(ti)前(qian)按規定裝好聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管的(de)炸藥(yao)(yao)(yao),并做好準備工作。試用(yong)范圍:一級至五級圍巖的(de)光面爆破工程。