我(wo)國(guo)于1983年制定了《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建筑物巖(yan)(yan)行基(ji)(ji)礎開挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)》(sD 121l一1983)。自此，在水(shui)(shui)(shui)利水(shui)(shui)(shui)電建設(she)(she)中預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)已(yi)成為必須進(jin)(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)保護邊(bian)坡(po)(po)質量的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)開挖技(ji)術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。此后在此基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)修訂的(de)(de)(de)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建筑物巖(yan)(yan)石基(ji)(ji)礎開挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)》(SL 47一1994)以(yi)及在《水(shui)(shui)(shui)電水(shui)(shui)(shui)利爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5135—2001)和《水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)建筑物巖(yan)(yan)石基(ji)(ji)礎開挖工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)》(DL／T 5389～2007)中預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)與(yu)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)均被編入并有所改進(jin)(jin)，DL／T 5135—2001正在修編為DL／T 5135—2012。鐵(tie)道部也不僅(jin)規定了凡是Ⅲ級以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)石邊(bian)坡(po)(po)，設(she)(she)計邊(bian)坡(po)(po)坡(po)(po)度為1：0．1～1：0．75，在邊(bian)坡(po)(po)部位的(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)設(she)(she)計和施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)都應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)光(guang)面(mian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)或預裂(lie)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)，并闡述了光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則和參(can)數、安全措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)且還(huan)明確(que)了路塹邊(bian)坡(po)(po)光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)項目質量驗收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)測數量和檢(jian)(jian)測方法(fa)。無疑該規程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)，有力(li)地推(tui)動和促進(jin)(jin)了光(guang)面(mian)(預裂(lie))爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術(shu)在鐵(tie)路建設(she)(she)中的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)與(yu)發(fa)展。

在建造隧道的時候，人們首先想到的個方式，就是使用爆破技術，專用深孔爆破聚能管開山挖隧道修路，常規爆破技術需要使用數以噸計的炸，炸的威力十分巨大，但是在炸完之后，空氣中全是煙塵，根本無法進入，另外常規爆破炸出來的輪廓線凹凸不平，后期常常需要工人進一步修補輪廓線才能進行下一道工序，耗時耗力，那么有沒有其他的方式比常規爆破技術更好呢？2018年3月，央視報道了一場隧道爆破對比實驗，實驗采用兩種爆破技術，滴喲中是使用炸的常規爆破技術，第二種則是國人新發明的聚能水壓光面爆破技術，隨著聲聲巨響，這場對比試驗的結果超乎所有人的意料，開封深孔爆破聚能管聚能(neng)水(shui)壓爆(bao)(bao)破技術的(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)炸效果更好(hao)，而且爆(bao)(bao)破產生(sheng)的(de)(de)水(shui)霧能(neng)將煙塵(chen)覆(fu)蓋，起到降塵(chen)的(de)(de)作用，這項爆(bao)(bao)破新方式得到了觀眾(zhong)們的(de)(de)認可。

采用(yong)一種(zhong)抗靜電阻燃的特種(zhong)塑料(liao)管(guan)(guan)、異(yi)形雙槽聚能管(guan)(guan)，根據炮(pao)眼(yan)深度可長可短。是兩個相似半(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)組成(cheng)，半(ban)(ban)壁管(guan)(guan)中央(yang)有個凹進(jin)去(qu)的槽叫做'聚能槽"，使(shi)用(yong)聚能管(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)型效果(guo)好，開挖(wa)輪(lun)廓(kuo)線平順整齊，圍巖擾動減(jian)少(shao)、超欠挖(wa)明顯(xian)改(gai)善，有利(li)于支護工序(xu)施(shi)工，同時混凝土(tu)回填成(cheng)本(ben)大(da)為(wei)降(jiang)(jiang)低。鑿孔率(lv)減(jian)少(shao)30%，大(da)大(da)降(jiang)(jiang)低了(le)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)作(zuo)業(ye)工班的勞(lao)動量(liang):鉆孔縮(suo)短30分(fen)鐘(zhong)、少(shao)打(da)眼(yan)、出(chu)渣(zha)量(liang)減(jian)少(shao)，降(jiang)(jiang)低了(le)材料(liao)成(cheng)本(ben)、減(jian)少(shao)工時消耗、勞(lao)動效率(lv)明顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao)，周邊(bian)眼(yan)爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)成(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)(jiang)低30%以上，半(ban)(ban)眼(yan)痕保(bao)留率(lv)高(gao)達85%以上。pvc爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)聚能管(guan)(guan)主要應用(yong)于隧道、煤礦(kuang)、鐵(tie)礦(kuang)等(deng)需(xu)要進(jin)行光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)施(shi)工的工程。采用(yong)聚能管(guan)(guan)的光(guang)(guang)面爆(bao)(bao)破(po)(po)(po)可減(jian)少(shao)鉆孔，擴大(da)孔距，減(jian)少(shao)導爆(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)量(liang)，減(jian)少(shao)超挖(wa)，減(jian)少(shao)噴漿，提(ti)高(gao)半(ban)(ban)孔率(lv)，既節省了(le)成(cheng)本(ben)又提(ti)高(gao)了(le)施(shi)工效率(lv)。

是由管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)、前(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽、后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)構成，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)為(wei)塑性材料制成，呈管(guan)(guan)(guan)狀，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)小于正常炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)，長(chang)度可隨爆破需要生產，管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)兩(liang)端(duan)各有(you)外(wai)螺紋(wen)，兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)螺紋(wen)間有(you)一縱向(xiang)切縫，切縫間等(deng)距(ju)有(you)加強(qiang)筋，前(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽呈傘狀，傘形(xing)(xing)尖有(you)一光孔，兩(liang)側(ce)直壁(bi)內徑(jing)(jing)有(you)螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)前(qian)端(duan)螺紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)，帽體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)大(da)于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)為(wei)一封蓋(gai)，外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)直徑(jing)(jing)大(da)于管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)，與(yu)前(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)一致(zhi)，后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)內徑(jing)(jing)有(you)螺紋(wen)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)后(hou)端(duan)螺紋(wen)配(pei)合(he)。可根據炮(pao)眼(yan)深度采用合(he)適的(de)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，不需其他工具幫(bang)助(zhu)送(song)入炮(pao)眼(yan)，切縫方向(xiang)準確，兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)前(qian)錐(zhui)(zhui)形(xing)(xing)定(ding)(ding)格帽和后(hou)定(ding)(ding)格堵(du)(du)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)與(yu)炮(pao)眼(yan)內徑(jing)(jing)一致(zhi)，保(bao)證(zheng)聚能管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)同心(xin)，定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)準確。且利于工業化生產，作業安(an)全